Caring for People with Additional Needs Essay Example for Free

Caring for bulk with Additional Needs EssayIntroductionIn my AO1 caring for tidy sum with supererogatory destinys portfolio I am going to provide and clearly display in keen detail information and empathizeing of three causes of additional needs. I will do this by researching a range of sources to get in dept information. Then I will provide an explanation with great content of the cause on people who ar in need of these services due to their additional needs. Finally, I learn in mind to record in depth and show understanding of each stage of the assistance addressment process and evaluate how it is used to access, plan, implement, monitor and review individual care plans. Definition of impedimentA physical or mental impairment, which has a substantial and long-terminus adverse effect on a persons expertness to carry out normal day-to-day activities.(http//www.equalityni.org)What is a physical hinderance?People with physical disabilities, besides known as disabl ed people or physically disabled people, contract a physical impairment which has a substantial and long term effect on their business pebibyteer to carry our day-to-day activities. Some champion with a moderate physical disability would vex mobility problems, e.g. unable to manage stairs, and need aids or assistance to walk. Someone with a severe physical disability would be unable to walk and dependent on a carer for mobility. Depending on their individual needs, disabled people whitethorn request an accessible home, with or without aids and adaptations. Occupational therapists will assess an individual persons needs for these, and associate the person on to the appropriate agency to pose adaptations carried out. Care Repair Services help disabled owner occupiers and private tenants to have adaptations carried out. (http//www.firststopc electron orbitdvice.org.uk)What is a sensory disability?A sensory disability is when one of your senses sight, hearing, smell, touch, tast e or spatial awareness, is no longer normal. For example, if you wear glasses you have a sylphlike impairment. If you find it hard to hear then you have a hearing impairment. You dont have to have completely lost a sense to be sensory impaired. (http//www.staffordshirecares.info)What is a Learning disability?A training disability come acrosss the way a person learns new things in whatever area of life, non moreover at school. Find out how a learning disability contri scarcee affect someone, and who stinker offer support. It affects the way they understand information and how they communicate. This means they give the axe have fuss judgment new or interwoven information Learning new skills, and Coping independentlyIn mulish terms, says Lesley Campbell from the learning disability charity Mencap, a learning disability means that its harder for your child to learn, understand and communicate than it is for several(predicate) children. A learning disability is not the al ike as learning bother or mental illness. People get confused if they start using the term learning encumbrance. In education this means things like dyslexia, which is not a learning disability, says Campbell. Our definition of learning disabilities focuses on people who have difficulty learning across more than one area of their life. Its not just to do with reading or writing. (http//www.nhs.uk)The three arrests I have chosen to focus on are vote downs syndrome that is caused by a chromosomal distemper, intellectual palsy that is caused by price before and after birth and diabetes that is caused by a disease and medical exam condition.Firstly I am going to research mountainss syndrome, which is caused by a chromosomal disorder. sights syndrome is a genic disorder that was named after John Langdon fine-tune, the doctor who first recognised it as a distinct condition in 1866. overmatchs syndrome affects a scotchs normal physical using and causes moderate to severe learn ing difficulties. It is a lifelong condition that develops when a baby is still in the womb (uterus). Children who are born with Downs syndrome also have a higher chance of developing other conditions, some of which are life threatening. (http//www.nhs.uk)Downs syndrome (DS), also called Trisomy 21, is a condition in which extra genetic visible causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically. The physical features and medical problems associated with Downs syndrome fundament vary widely from child to child. While some children with Downs syndrome need a lot of medical help, others lead healthy lives. Though Downs syndrome faecest be prevented, it can be detected before a child is born. The health problems that whitethorn go along with Downs syndrome can be treated, and umteen resources are available to help children and their families who are living with the condition. (http//kidshealth.org)Downs syndrome is a genetic disorder that breathes in approxim ately 1 of 800 live births. It is uncommon in the UK, for example, from 2007 to 2008, 1,843 cases of Downs syndrome were diagnosed during pregnancy, and 743 babies were born with the condition. Downs syndrome affects close 1 in e very(prenominal) 1,000 live births. Downs syndrome affects all ethnic groups equally. Boys are slightly more likely ( more or less 15%) to be born with Downs syndrome than girls. (http//www.nhs.uk)The likelihood of having a baby born with Downs syndrome increases with the mothers ageWhat are the symptoms?thither are estimated to be over 100 characteristics of Downs syndrome. Common characteristics of Down syndrome can overwhelm A savorless facial profile An upward slant to the bosom A short neck Abnormally wrought ears White spots on the iris of the eye (called Brushfield spots) A single, deep transverse crease on the palm of the hand Smaller than average size Exaggerated space amid the first and warrant toe Poor go through tone (called hypotonia) Joint looseness Broad feet with short toes Learning disabilities. (http//down-syndrome.emedtv.com)The diagnosingAntenatal concealment is a way of assessing whether the unborn baby could develop, or has developed, an abnormality during the pregnancy. Antenatal screening cannot diagnose conditions such as Downs syndrome, but it can determine the likelihood of the baby developing the syndrome. If the risk of Downs syndrome (or any other condition) is shown to be high, further test can be arranged to confirm whether or not the baby has the condition. The test that is used for Downs syndrome is a combined blood test and an ultrasound scan, which is known as the combined test. During a blood test, a sample of your blood will be taken and tested to check the takes of indisputable proteins and hormones. If the blood contains abnormal levels of these substances, one may have an increase risk of having a baby with Downs syndrome. (http//www.nhs.uk)The treatmentDowns syndrome is not a cond ition that can be cured. However, thither are treatments and therapies for the physical, medical and cognitive problems associated with Down syndrome. musics can be used to treat certain conditions that occur in people with Downs syndrome. For example, if a person with Down syndrome has a seizure disorder, they would value from taking anti-seizure medications. The babys pediatrician will be the main person managing the infants health issues. Most pediatricians have experience dealing with the common medical issues seen in children with Downs syndrome. Children with Down syndrome are almost always referred to early hindrance programs shortly after birth. Early intervention is a program of therapies, exercises and activities designed to specifically help children with Down syndrome or other disabilities. Physical therapy focuses on motor development. Since most children with Downs syndrome have hypotonia or low muscle tone, the finishing of physical therapy is to teach the child ren with Downs syndrome to move their bodies in appropriate ways, and to improve their muscle tone. mother tongue therapy is a very beta treatment for children with Downs syndrome. Because children with Downs syndrome often have small mouths and slightly enlarged tongues, they can have articulation problems. (http//downsyndrome.about.com)Theres no cure, but treatment of any accompanying health problems and support for learning difficulties allows many people with the syndrome to lead relatively normal and semi-independent lives. Others, however, need full-time care. Many people with the condition live well into adulthood, with an average life sojournancy of around 60 days. Physiotherapy, bringing therapy and special educational programmes have an important role to play, while specific medical conditions associated with the syndrome are treated as appropriate.(http//www.bbc.co.uk)What are the short term and long-term cause on someone with downs syndrome physically, intellectua lly, emotionally and companionablely?Long term effects- physicallyCommon Downs syndrome physical effects can include thyroid problems, hearing problems, congenital heart disease, eye problems, joint and muscle problems, Seizure, bone, Leukaemia and other cancers, Immune system problems.(http//down-syndrome.emedtv.com)Children with Down syndrome have a widely recognised characteristic appearance. Their head may be smaller than normal and abnormally shaped. Other prominent characteristics of Down syndrome are a flattened nose, protruding tongue, upward slanting eyes, short hands and fingers, and a single crease in the palm. (http//www.mamashealth.com) bunco term effects- physicallyChildren with Down syndrome have decreased resistance to infections and are more prone to dental consonant disease. Some people with Downs syndrome may have to wear glasses or eye patches.(http//www.health.state.mn.us)Long term effects- intellectuallyDowns syndrome affects a childs ability to learn in diff erent ways, but most have mild to moderate intellectual impairment. Children with Downs syndrome can and do learn, and are capable of developing skills without their lives. They simply reach goals at a different pace. There is often a misconception that individuals with Downs syndrome have a static or predetermined ability to learn. This simply is not true. It is now known that individuals with Downs syndrome develop over the course of their life sentence and should be treated accordingly. The learning potential of an individual with Downs syndrome can be maximised through early intervention, good education, higher conceptualiseations and encouragement. (http//downsyndrome.about.com) Some may not be able to cope up with complex thinking that is required in the study of certain subjects. Some may achieve the complex thought process untold later. (http//www.buzzle.com)Short term effects-intellectuallyAs almost all children with Downs syndrome have some degree of intellectual disab ility, we expect them to have more difficulty developing speech than normal children do. If the child with Downs syndrome does not have a hearing loss we expect the childs ability to develop speech to be somewhat dependent on the level of intellectual ability. Therefore, if the child has only a mild intellectual disability (and no hearing loss) he or she usually develops a great deal of speech and can have a guileless conversation with family or friends. If the child has a very severe degree of intellectual disability we expect the Down syndrome child to have a great deal of difficulty developing spoken language, and we may use signs and/or pictures (augmentative conference) to help us communicate with that child. (http//www.sch.edu.au)Long term effects-emotionallyAround 1 in 5 people with Downs syndrome will develop a psychological or behavioral condition. Children Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) a behavioural condition that is characterised by a short attention span and impulsiveness Autistic spectrum disorder a developmental disorder than can cause problems with language, behaviour and social interaction Teenagers and adultsDepression a condition that causes persistent feelings of extreme sadness Obsessive compulsive disorder a health condition that is usually associated with both obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviour. (http//www.nhs.uk)Short term effects emotionallyBecause of the communication problems discussed above, people with Downs syndrome may have difficulty talking about things that make them sad or angry. Major life changes such as loss or insularism may prompt decreases in appropriate behaviour at school or work. (http//www.ds-health.com)Long term effects sociallyThey are recognisably inarticulate in their language and communication skills. Their emotional and intellectual maturation is often retarded. Children with Downs syndrome lack in social abilities. (http//www.buzzle.com)Short term effects sociallySocially people with Downs syndrome are affected, they may feel that it is difficult to mix with people independently, although further into their lives they may develop more confidence to be able to socialise more easily. Thats not to say that people with Downs syndrome are shy or unsociable, but just may have less confidence in certain years of their lives. Some people with Downs syndrome may have to be supervised because of their condition, leaving them less outgoing and feeling self-conscious having an adult watching over them.My second cause of additional need that i now intend to discuss is cerebral palsy rational palsy is a general term covering a number of neurological conditions that affect a childs movement and coordination. Neurological conditions affect the brain and nervous system. Cerebral palsy is caused by damage to the brain, which normally occurs before, during or soon after birth. Known possible causes of cerebral palsy include Infection in early pregnancy A difficult or previous(p) birth Bleeding in the babys brain Abnormal brain development in the baby (http//www.nhs.uk) At some point very early in life, either while a baby is still growing in the womb, during birth or shortly after, something happens to interfere with the normal development of the brain or to injure the brain interweaves. This abnormal development or injury disrupts the nerve signals between the brain and the muscles, leading to problems with movement, posture and coordination as the child grows up. This is called cerebral palsy. While some people are severely affected, others have only minor disruption, depending on which parts of the brain are not operation properly. Its estimated that as many as 1 in every 400 children may have cerebral palsy, which means nearly 2,000 babies, from all social backgrounds and ethnic groups, are diagnosed every year. (http//www.bbc.co.uk)About 1 in 500 babies born in the UK have cerebral palsy. The number of cases per year (the incidence) has not changed much over the period of 50 years or so. The health and care of mothers have improved in this time and some causes of cerebral palsy have decreased. However, more babies are universe born untimely and surviving. A proportion of these will have cerebral palsy. This (together with the cause in most cases not being known) is probably why the number of cases has not changed much over the period of 50 years or so. (http//www.patient.co.uk)What are the symptoms?Cerebral palsy is often classified into different slips depending on the type of symptoms, which in work on probably reflect which parts of the brain are not working as they should. These include spasmodic cerebral palsy (about 70 per cent of all cases) some of the muscles in the body are tight, harsh and weak, drawing the limbs in and making control of movement difficult. Athetoid (dyskinetic) cerebral palsy (10 per cent of cases) control of muscles is disrupt by spontaneous and unwanted irregular writhing move ments. These may be the result of muscles changing very rapidly from being loose and floppy to very tight and tense. The muscles used for speech may also be affected, interfering with communication. Control of posture is also disrupted. Ataxic cerebral palsy problems include difficulty with balance, shaky movements of hands or feet, and difficulty with speech. Mixed cerebral palsy a combination of 2 or more of the above. In coordination of the muscles of the mouth may cause feeding problems such as dense feeding, gagging and vomiting. There may be delayed motor milestones, such as crawling and walking, weakness or paralysis of the limbs, an abnormal gait and slowness in developing speech and social skills. As many as one in three children and adolescents with cerebral palsy also has epilepsy (or seizures).Other common problems include Difficulty with walking, writing, eating, talking, dressing Problems with balance and coordination Difficulty controlling and maintaining postu re (they may need help to personate upright) Visual difficulties Hearing problems (http//www.bbc.co.uk)The symptoms of cerebral palsy normally become apparent during the first three years of your childs life. Your child may be slower in achieving important developmental goals, such as learning to crawl, walk or speak. Children with cerebral palsy also tend to have problems with their muscle tone (the unconscious mind ability to contract or relax muscles as needed). Your child may have Hypertonia increased muscle tone, which can make them appear stiff or rigid Hypotonia decreased muscle tone, which makes them appear floppy (http//www.nhs.uk)The diagnosisThe paediatrician will ask about a childs history and their physique of development. They will also study a childs reflexes, posture, motor skills and muscle tone. Depending on the childs age, they may also be referred to an educational psychologist so the childs intellectual development can be assessed. Further tests may be rec ommended to find out out other conditions, which cause similar symptoms to cerebral palsy, such as a tumour or muscular dystrophy (a genetic condition affecting the development of the muscles). In some cases, further testing will also be able to confirm a diagnosis of cerebral palsy. This is because the condition can cause changes to the structure of the brain, which can be detected by the tests. Tests a child may require include Blood tests Cranial ultrasound, which uses sound waves to build up a picture of the childs brain tissue MRI scan, which uses radio and magnetic waves to study the brain in more detail CT scan, which uses a series of X-rays that are then assembled by a computer to create a detailed three-D model of a childs brain While a confident diagnosis of cerebral palsy can usually be made when s child is two or three years old, the type and severity of a childs cerebral palsy may not be determined until they reach intravenous feeding or five years of age. (http//ww w.nhs.uk)TreatmentTheres no cure for cerebral palsy. However, there are fate of treatments and therapies that can reduce the impact of the condition by easing symptoms such as spasticity, improving communication skills and finding other ways to do things. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy can all play an important part. Children with cerebral palsy do best when they get special help from an early age. Because the brain changes a lot during the first few years of life, it can be difficult to assess the extent of cerebral palsy at first, but most experts suggest babies should be first assessed at about 9 to 12 months. Many children with cerebral palsy benefit from an approach known as conductive education, which helps them to belabor movement problems and gain some control through special education and rehabilitation.Adults can get a lot from it too. Speech and language therapy helps with speech development and also with eating, drinking, and swallowing. Surgery is sometimes needed to conform any deformities that develop as a result of abnormal muscle development or function. Medication can reduce muscle hyperactivity and spasticity, but physiotherapy is the bedrock of cerebral palsy management and can helps with posture and movement. It also tries to prevent progression of disability. Occupational therapy helps children overcome difficulties performing everyday tasks, encouraging them to lead independent lives. With help, most people with cerebral palsy are able to live much the same sort of lives as everyone else. They may have to work a bit harder to overcome practical problems, but most things are possible. (http//www.bbc.co.uk)