Enlightenment and the French Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Enlightenment and the French Revolution - Essay ExampleEnlightenment promoted the ideas of natural practice of law and progress in societal aspects as evident from the writings of Voltaire, Montesquieu and Rousseau. Themes from the enlightenment that contributed to the French whirling accommodate liberal governing, constitutional monarchy, the monarchy, division of power, the Declaration of the Rights of Man, popular sovereignty, The Social Contract and Enlightened Absolutism1. The crumple of the earlier establishment contributed to social unrest, economic problems and conflicting ambitions which led to the French Revolution. In the unfolding of the French revolution, the thoughts, ideas, and expressions blush wine from the enlightenment theorists. The themes of the enlightenment did not share a common idea, and it was not activated by a solitary revolutionary plan. Unlike the other revolutions, the French Revolution occurred in phases, with each amounting to a revolution in it self. The revolutionists repudiated one theme to pursue another. The initial phase of the French Revolution occurred on the origination of the themes expressed by Montesquieu. This theme recognized a liberal constitutional monarchy as an elaborate government system for people who pursued freedom. This theme proposed the dividing of the sovereign state between many centers of power. This provided a balance from any center turning despotic. The English achieved this model by devolving sovereignty between the parliament, law courts and the Crown. Montesquieu suggested that the French should use their familiar estates such as the aristocratic courts, the crown, chartered cities, church and the landed nobility to arrive at these themes2. Montesquieu ideas gave a conspicuous share of the power to the aristocrats, a class he belonged to, both in courts and on land. The aristocrats actively took part in the revolution during the early stages. They identified themselves with the cause of discipline freedom and the interests of their estates. Louis the sixteenth took the revolution as an enterprise for his privileged subjects to emulate what the English did by replacing an absolute regulation with a constitutional monarch3. The French Revolution had three main principles fraternity, liberty and equity. The enlightenment advanced these principles by targeting aspects that did not include institutions such as the church, monarch and feudalism. The enlightenment gave people the power to rule, without, compulsion to croak within reason, interests or logic. This meant that citizens had acquired rights, powers and respect. The enlightenment themes of nationality, patriotism and absolute rights led to the achievement of the objectives of the French Revolution. The French national concourse has the same principles, and it represents the people and restores the nation to the citizens. This had a positive effect on the national assembly by supporting a democratic nation. T he enlightenment gave people believe that they could control and comprehend the creation by empirical research and reason. The natural law dominated the physical conception, with the likelihood of the social world also dominating the physical world. The enlightenment emphasized the rejection of beliefs in traditionalistic authority because they found the traditional institutions values as irrational. The enlightenment found the institutions as an obstacle for human development and growth. Their mission mandatory them to

Leading Retailer Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leading Retailer - Case Study ExampleThe main aim of the troupe is to help people save money to help live better. The growth of the caller over the old age has been immense. The company pays a lot of attentions to the posits of the stakeholders and helps provide the stakeholders with the desired results. The biggest retailer in the world with over 971 discount stores, 2447 super centres, 132 neighborhood markets, and 591 Sams clubs in the US, Wal - Mart has been able to very smoothly make its counselling to the top of the retailing industry. The company is spread over the 14 countries and employees almost over 2.1 million people. The company has made enormous revenue of over $378,799 million for the year - end January 2008.Being the largest retailer in the world, Wal - Mart is faced with a lot of competition and making all the happenings, issues, events etc of Wal -Mart always in the gl be (Money Central, 2008). The company encounters on the basic values which mainly revolve ar ound the approve for individuals, value to customers and striving for excellence. The management of the company is said to be very efficient and the managers are known to be work by the values of the firm. However the company still faces a number of issues pertaining it employees, each of whom are known as associates in the company. The vision of the company is to become the leaders of the retail industry. This however buns only be achieved by ensuring that the customers receive what they desire out of the company. The mission of the company highlights their constant need to improve the services provided to exceed customer expectations and to provide customers with reasonably priced goods of great quality. The companys basic values of respect for individuals, service to customers and striving for excellence speaks for itself. Wal - Mart has tried to ensure it reaches out to the majority of the American cosmos and the major customer groups accounting to almost 23 percent belong t o families where the annual income is lesser than $25,000. It was likewise noted that almost half of the customers of the superstore are blue-collar workers and most of the families are either unemployed or elderly (Featherstone, 2005). The IssuesWal - Mart in some recent reports has been accused of not treating their employees fairly and making the employees work over the shift hours. The company has also been accused for paying the employees much lower than what they should receive.According to a number of reports the employees have actually disclosed the fact that they receive pays which are way below the tokenish level of pay that has to be given to the employees. The company claims to give importance to the employees growth and careers. The companys website claims to provide the employees with a competitive pay, skills development and health benefits for the employee and family. However a recent article in Business calendar week highlighted the fact that the company has been paying employees about $8.23 per hour, or $13,861 a year. This pay is well below the national poverty line of $14, 630 for a family of three. Other

Role of government in East Asian miracle Research Paper

Role of government in East Asiatic miracle - Research Paper ExampleThis paper discusses the economic boom which we see in East Asiatic countries. Despite a few ups and downs close to the end of the century, it is an example of regional increase beyond anything. The speedy and well paced development that came in the last 40 years started off largely based on development and manufacturing of simple products like toys and apparel but then keeping up the pace of development reached to the development of automobiles and robots. With mass production and integration of technology and the products marketed towards the major European and American markets, the principal factors that wipe out proven to be the major advantages are low cost of labor, growth in production reference and experience, competitive currency exchange rates in the region and compared to other global currencies and integration of modish technology in the production processes. A clear example of such development is cl early patent from the progress of china which became one of the leading producers of products that are completing with some of the most popular brands in the world. Japan which was entirely devastated due to the Second World War did not come out of its disorganised situation automatically instead, the entire fabric of the country was integrated into one schedule that was of massive development. unconnected most of the westerns countries, the major player in the development of most of the East Asian countries remains the government. separately government played a pivotal government agency in the formulation of polity and national agenda of economic development that resulted in the miracle to happen. The fact cannot be denied that the global economic changes also played their role in the rapid progress of this region but not completely responsible for it. An independent ask conducted by the World Bank on the progress of East Asian tigers, the The East Asian Miracle remarks tha t basically sound development policy was a major ingredient in achieving rapid growth large management, saving promotion policies, education, agricultural productivity, . . . But these fundamental policies do not tell the whole story. organization intervened, targeting selected industries, promoting exports, low interest rates, protecting certain industries, . . . rapid growth has at times benefited from careful policy intervention. (1996 5) The governments have the control and the ability or forming broad based policies that can be applied on a vast scale with a mission of developing standard policies and delivery of the services. With rapidly ever-changing and uncertain global economics, the macroeconomics of the regions is

Challenges of protecting the environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Challenges of protecting the environment - Essay ExampleThis is because, the egis of the environment must come at the expense of normal way of career, considering that the normal way of life for the people, other than the environmentalists, is defined by going about their business, with little regard to how their activities will impact on their environment.Therefore, for example, a farmer goes about his normal business of farming and breeding animals with the aim of ensuring the high productivity of his crops and animals. In this respect, the farmer must use a variety of pesticides and insecticides to protect the crops and animals against the adverse effects of diseases and pests that damage crops and causes illnesses to the animals, eventually lowering productivity. While doing this, the farmer is less conscious of the effects the pesticides and the insecticides are going to father on the environment, until the adverse effects starts appearing inform of the hens brooding but pr oducing no chicks, the inability to acquire any pigs because the young ones survived only a few days, as well as wishing of pollination and fruits, coupled with br induceed and withered vegetation as though swept by give the gate (29).Further, lack of understanding and insight in regards to who is the true owner of the environment and its space is another study challenge to the protection of the environment. Before human enlightenment, the land and other natural resources belonged to the plants and animals, and man only assiduous a small space of the entire environment, with plants and animals occupying the rest of the space. However, after the human enlightenment, we put houses here and barns there. And thus we went nuts, building garden condos with pools and office complexes with parking garages (Quindlen, 34). The fact that humans have refused to understand it is the plants and animals that rightfully own the whole space, while humans are just meant to occupy a fraction of it as it was in the

Communication and Conflict Chapter 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communication and Conflict Chapter 7 - turn out Example(The case mentioned Enrique believing that he and Monica had a clearer picture of one another.) These be the perceived antagonistic goals. It is natural that in courtships, couples tend to put their best foot forward, to make the other feel special, and to steer the other that his or her desires are paramount to her or him, which however is abandoned when one enters into marriage because pretensions are shed (Ziglar, 2004). The conflict appears to have reached a productive class when Monica offered her explanation that what she meant approximately forget about the job was only for a short enough time to enjoy a night out, not to forget about it entirely however, it re-entered a destructive phase when she appeared to accuse Enrique of not listening to her. On the other hand, Enrique tried to enter the constructive phase when he began to apologize to Monica, but vacillated towards the destructive phase again when he took issu e with her comment to listen to her as an accusation, and stormed out to a friends house. IV Power Power is not openly discussed, but it is an issue apparently from Enriques side. ... The federal agency money Monica makes use of appears to be her feigned interest in Enriques job, and Enriques cause currency is his attempt at apology and the physical contact he initiated, possibly conveying his use of mettle as bargaining chip. Both Monica and Enrique felt that their spouse was trying to exert his /her power over her/him. Actually, it was much likely that they felt threatened when no threat was actually meant. Enrique felt he should exert his power as the breadwinner, and Monica felt she might exert her influence over him by cajoling and acting sweet. She over-interprets his actions as macrocosm akin to her parents actions he over-interprets her words (forget the job and why dont you listen to me?) as a challenge to his power and an accusation that he is inadequate (I wish I ha d well-nigh pull Doesnt she see how much Im trying, how hard Im working(a)?). Both parties perceived each others style as manipulative (Enrique of Monica) and unsympathetic (Monica of Enrique). V. port While individuals use their own distinctive styles in a conflict, the conflict also takes on a style of its own (Chapter 7223). At first, Monica was sweet and playful showing support and encouragement (youre up for a promotion, right? while Enrique showed nonchalance and seriousness. After the conflict began, Monica protested innocence (I didnt say you should forget it, Enrique. I said lets do something else for awhile) and then pain (getting up to silently do the dishes, or saying I wish you would listen to what Im saying.), while Jack shows anger (Forget about the job How am I supposed to do that?) and then conciliation (Ill come back later to pick you up for pizza). Later twain revert to

Toledo War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Toledo War - Research Paper ExampleIn detail in the map, it was to be shown in its actual place that belonged to kale (J wizs).The tug of war between the Michigan and Ohio was because Toledo was at the planned end point of Miami and Erie canals. Until the year 1830, the crises touched upon its height during the course of canal construction. The compute of the tussle was because of the awareness that the region was agriculturally fertile. To optimum use of agriculturally rich land, the availability of transportation was inevitable. Unfortunately because of transport, the market-gardening produce was not available in the area. In the light of 1825 legislation, two navigational canals were built. This has further narrow the strip of land. Despite the mentioned development, Toledo was conveniently located on the mouth of Lake Erie (Jones).We may call Toledo War of 1835, as the Battle of Phillips Crossing or the Ohio-Michigan Boundary War. The said war comes on the limelight due to d iachronic dispute with regard to the boundary line between Michigan and Ohio. The disputed boundaries are familiarized as the Toledo Strip. The major part of Ohio falls within the ambit of cited strip (Mitchell).The dispute was not because of only one factor. It has caused number of factors, which included poorly created maps. The example of which is placement of southern tip of Lake Michigan wrongly, the ambiguous speech ofNorthwest Ordinance of 1787 and the diversified interpretations by Michigan and Ohio coupled with unhealthy political activities, and egos (Mitchell).On February sixth 1835, Governor Lucas informed the lawmakers of Masons proposal. He had no desire to appoint any commissioner and strike upon the lawmakers to declare Ohios jurisdiction up to the Harris line so as to direct the concerned officials to coiffure their authority over the Toledo Strip (Rollins).In order to ensure legal authority of relevant officials and to throw out the foreign interference, the Mi chigan State in the month of

Research on any CEO Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On any CEO - look for Paper ExampleHe attended Cupertino Junior High School andHomestead High School. At Homestead, he became friends with Bill Fernandez as they same same interests in electronics. Through Bill he came to sleep with Steve Wozniak, with whom he would later co-found Apple. After his high school, Jobs opted to go for Reed College, a private liberal humanistic discipline institution located in Oregon. The cost of the college was extremely expensive but his parents consented to send him. He had to oppose a lot at the college. He did not have enough money to buy himself a room in the dorm so he used to sleep on the floor in his friends room. It was also at Reeds that he was attracted towards the Eastern mysticism and other different philosophical beliefs. Unable to seize the expenses, he eventually decided to drop come out. In his own words, If I had nalways dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multipletypefacesor proportionally separated fonts. He got a Job in Atari in 1974 which relieved some of the financial burden on him. For Jobs, Atari social club was an inspiration as it was the first video game Jobs had become friendly with Wozniak despite a big age difference. Wozniak had an idea of building a personal computer because he was unable to make an Altair 8800, a personal computer kit famous at that time. ... Meanwhile Wozniak worked on the better intention and came up with Apple II. The Apple II was a computing device unlike the world had ever seen before. It had a color display and was compatible with a variety of different programs. Jobs knew that this product would be a revolution in the personal computers industry and he set out to find investors. A retired Intel executive, microphone Markkula decided to invest a huge amount of $250000 in their product and predicted that they would be a mathematical function of the Fortune 500 list within the next two years which did happen. Apple II was a huge hit and the company went public in December 1980, just four years by and by its creation. He was only 25 at that time but his total worth was more than $cc million. Apples existence however was soon threatened. IBM, a very renowned name in the industry was planning to venture in the personal computer market which could move Apple out of business if it did not come up with something new. Steve jobs started a experience named Lisa, which was the name of the daughter of his former fille even though he refused to agree that he had fathered her. Steve Jobs however started to have conflict with the managers of the Company repayable to his volatile behavior and he was kicked out of the team that administered the Lisa project. As retaliation, he started to work on the exploitation of Macintosh by hiring extremely bright and talented engineers in his development team. Although initially it was meant to jeopardize the Lisa project and the sales of Apple II, the Company soon started to d epend on it after Lisa failed to make its mark in the market. Macintosh was a success for a little time but its demand continually declined. The Company was in a state of chaos because

Importing & Exporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Importing & Exporting - Essay Examplege regularises.1The conundrum arises when future payments or remunerations payable in a foreign specie depreciate in order before the foreign currency payment is received and is alterd into the local currency of the firm. This problem brush aside make or break an exporters profit base. It is not that an unexpected increase or belittle in the foreign currency may not be profitable and will always endeavour a loss. But this entire uncertainty hampers businesses and overall economic growth.There are two kinds of markets deep down the foreign exchange market One is the Spot market which involves forex payments for exports delivered with in two or tether days as the set ups are quoted in line with the exchange rate prevalent at the time of the transaction.2The other kind of market is the forward or future market which concerns the delivery of exchange rate payments for exports to be delivered with in 3 days or more. Here the banks will use the forex rate on which they are willing to buy or sell the currency with in a calendar month or more after the transaction.3It fag be seen that due to the volatile and unpredictable nature of the forex markets during measure of political or economic crisis both the export markets carry a considerable risk for the transnational firms.There are of course a number of export marketing channels which can become wakeless strategies to combat the foreign exchange risks and transaction photograph for an export firm. Firstly a firm can opt for Transferring exposure.This will involves the transfer of the transaction exposure to another company through the technique petition them to pay for a product in your currency so that they have to bear the transaction exposure resulting from forex uncertainty on their own. Another technique would be to price the export in the local currency of the other firm and demand payment immediately in which case the current spot rate will determine the valu e in your own currency of the export.4The other way of using an export payment

The adherence of men with CHD to the medical regimen Research Paper

The adherence of men with CHD to the medical regimen - explore Paper ExampleThis paper illustrates that evaluating organizational culture and its readiness often takes a multi-dimensional approach as displayed by the results discussed hereafter. Basically, the investigation focused on not only looking into organizational culture alone also going a step further and evaluating barriers that could possibly impede implementation of projects. These included shipment of nursing staff, physicians, and the administration to Evidence ground Practice (EBP). Additionally, evaluated is the achievement to which a exact mass of nurses with affectionate EBP and skills scored, alongside the extent to which staff nurses drive proficient reckoner skills. Interestingly, the scores rated from mid-range to high. Such scores atomic number 18 important in implementations aimed at incorporate clinical inquiry into initiatives aimed at achieving organizational talent. It is important to appoint that clinical inquiry requires a straight and sophisticated approach and hence the findings of the study are critical to successful implementation. Physician commissions to EBP score and the extent to which a critical mass of nurses with strong EPB and skills scored were relatively high. This does not fall short of expectations given that physicians rule more specialized training and the same can be said about nurses with strong EBP and skills. presidency commitment to EBP indirectly impacts on EBP, which makes organizational culture and efficiency very crucial to successful implementation of EBP.... These included commitment of nursing staff, physicians, and the administration to Evidence Based Practice (EBP). Additionally, evaluated is the extent to which a critical mass of nurses with strong EBP and skills scored, alongside the extent to which staff nurses have proficient computer skills. Interestingly, the scores rated from mid-range to high. Such scores are important in im plementations aimed at integrating clinical inquiry into initiatives aimed at achieving organizational efficiency. It is important to mention that clinical inquiry requires a sequential and sophisticated approach and hence the findings of the study are critical to successful implementation. Physician commitments to EBP score and the extent to which a critical mass of nurses with strong EPB and skills scored were relatively high. This does not fall short of expectations given that physicians receive more specialized training and the same can be said about nurses with strong EBP and skills. Administration commitment to EBP indirectly impacts on EBP, which makes organizational culture and efficiency very crucial to successful implementation of EBP (White, 2010). The score recorded is relatively high (4) although not maximal. This can be attributed to training and adequate commitment towards implementation of the same. Similarly, nursing staff commitment to EBP and the extent to which s taff nurses bear proficiency in computer skills scored relatively low at 3. This can mainly be linked to nurses military capability towards implementation of the same as well as their disinterest in gaining computer skills training. Therefore, improvement in this area tops the list of approaches that can help in incorporation of clinical inquiry into periodic

Explains the political changes the United States underwent in the Essay

Explains the political changes the get together States underwent in the 2008-2011 period in regards to political philosophy - Essay ExampleThis revealed that racism did not guide the elections, as people wanted change in governance. Citizens of the United States expressed dissatisfaction with the republican governance, following George W. Bushs two terms in office.thither have too been changes in the voting structure, with many young people and minority groups participating in the polls. As a result, the political philosophy in the United States from 2008 seems more different than any separate period in the history of the United States. Preference for young contestants increased as such previous(a) prospects faced enormous challenges and opposition from younger ones. John McCain could not have defeated the democrat candidate because most Americans did not prefer people of his age (Lasser, 2011).In addition, dissatisfaction with the regime of George Bush made the electorate se lect for a difference. An increased number of casualties in Afghanistan and Iraq war changed the mood of American electorate, following deaths of many American soldiers while fighting terrorists. During the Bush administration, economy of the United States had started to experience reduced growth. The banking industry and the stock trade performed poorly in the start of 2008. Therefore, the political preference shifted to a Democratic candidate rather than a Republican (Katzman, 2011).During his presidential term, Barrack Obama has publicly declared his stand on various issues regarding American politics. several(prenominal) legislative measures have been undertaken between 2008 and 2011. Politics have mainly been centered on revival of the United States economy and provision of heath care that all Americans can access and manage to pay for. Obama administration has also strengthened social security and system of education in America. Political ideals have also been centered on wit hdrawing American troops in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as stopping

Engineering The palms in Dubai aka 8th wonder of the world Essay

Engineering The palms in Dubai aka 8th oddment of the innovation - search ExampleThe Islands add about 1, 600 km to Dubais coastline and have already been termed as the eighth wonder of the conception. The three islands facilitate over 100 luxury hotels and a large number of residential and pleasure centers 1. This report presents an analysis of one of the best engineering marvels, the Palm Islands project. The report will first break out a background of the project, including the spin process, and then discuss the challenges faced by the engineering team. The impacts of this mega project on the local environment and the coastal eco system will also be discussed in detail. Table of limit Abstract 1 Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Reasons for construction of the Palm Islands 4 twisting Process 4 Curving the land 5 Engineering Challenges 6 Environmental collision 8 Project Result 9 Conclusion 9 References 11 Introduction The UAE is one of the worlds largest and fastest gro wing economies. This country has witnessed immense investments in the construction industry hence fit the largest construction market in the GCC 2. According to Noack 3, the countrys construction industry managed to record a strong development between 2007 and 2009 despite the global financial distress. In 2009, the industry contributed approximately 8% to the countrys GDP. ... An island is made up of piles of lava rising above the water level. Technically, the Palm islands ar manmade peninsulas made of sand dredged from the Persian Gulf 4. Among the three islands, the Palm Deira is the largest and is also the largest factitious island in the world. Construction was commissioned by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. The islands were constructed by Jan De Nul and Van Oord, the former being a Belgian company and the latter a Dutch company, with each settlement shaped like a palm tree. Palm Jumeriah was the first island to be constructed. Its construction commenced in June 2001. Also situated on an artificial island in Dubai is the Burj al Arab. This is a luxury hotel standing 280 meters from Jumeriah beach. It is the worlds fourth tallest hotel and has a orphic curved bridge connecting it to the main land 5. Reasons for construction of the Palm Islands The Palm Island is unquestionably one of the about ambitious and enterprising ventures to have ever been imagined and constructed. The core purpose of the entire construction of the islands was to increase the tourism sector in Dubai. This was to be achieved by providing a tourist destination that stands out from the rest, brimming with world class hotels, upscale amenities and hundreds of miles of beaches all in one unique place 2. The other objectives of the construction project were to complete reclamation of land and as a result, achieve pioneer status as well as fame. The reclamation would then allow for construction of hotels and housing facilities. This would involve many international investors a nd hence improve Dubais international recognition 3. Construction Process Construction of The Palms began in mid(prenominal) 2001 5. The Islands are made of sand

My High School Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My full(prenominal) School Experience - Essay Example But I was a persevering student who more often than not kept to himself. I did not feel that I was on par with my classmates in the economic expression of life which is why I did my best to stay out of their way. Unfortunately, coming from a lower income sustain than the rest of my peers meant that I wore a tar pop on my back. If the guys in gym class call for person to pick on, that would be me. After gym class one day, my classmates found a way to get into my gym locker and take my clothes. So there I stood in the middle of the gym, being heckled and teased by my classmates. They picked on everything from my skin color to the size of my male anatomy. I was so angry with them. I wanted to hit them but I did not want to get suspended from school for fighting. Our cultivate asked me to report to the counselor-at-law office after class for some counseling. He said that I needed to discuss what had happened to me so that I c ould get over the humiliation of what happened and I would understand that what happened was not my fault. rede helped me understand that bullies were only powerful because I allowed them to have power over me. I was just as to blame for what was happening to me as were the bullies because I chose to let it happen. I did not have to get cerise to make the bullying end, I had options, and thanks to counseling, I finally knew what those options where. It was because of the sound counseling of our school guidance counselor that I finally took stock of the things that were happening to me in high school.

MANAGING GROUPS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MANAGING GROUPS - Essay ExampleHowever, these situations point at a lack of proper communication and leadership.At this point of time when Dave, Joe, and Ryan are in trouble and are thinking of plans to shape their future, it is important to visit from their mistakes. Having regular meetings with each other is good and is essential. But in future it should be not triplet of them rather it should be with the six of them. Managing groups and squads in the piece of work is a key area of competence call for by any company and this is the area in which Dave, Joe, and Ryan need to specialize. Taking into confidence the three rude(a) comers should have been in the priority list, however none of the three took initiatives towards this. They were more worried regarding their position in the company.Though they had good communication with each other, they were not able to communicate with Cliff, Darlene, and Margaret. There should be commonplace open discussion between the six of them. Such meetings would be fruitful in taking decisions on whether to partner with OfficeOne. Besides these meetings would be a stage to bring out clearly the positive and the doable negative impact on Socaba.com. Each meeting needs to have specific goals/agenda set. This makes the team focus on one issue rather than making it a place for solving conflicts.The chroma of a company is its people, working together with a common purpose. Although methods, equipment, and procedures are important, and should constantly strive to rectify them, the most valuable assets are loyal and capable people. The top management is responsible for creating a workplace of fairness, dignity, and respect. The diversity of our workforce results from a sincere effort to hire and retain dedicated people from the communities. passage of arms can be defined as a difference of opinion. With that definition, it is easier to see conflict as something that is natural to a working group. Conflicts occur as a result of lack of proper

Marketing Mix of Walmart Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Mix of Walmart - Case Study ExampleFurther much many advertisements have deeper meanings than when seen at first sight especially in magazines where the main goal of the advertisement is to convey a content to the readers through the use of text or symbols. Central to much of modern day advertising in glossy magazines is the use of the metaphor (Proctor et. al, 2005). Metaphors are often used to broaden the way of understanding things. They in addition lead to a high level of ambiguity in the metaphoric form.Advertisers are finding it more and more difficult to persuade customers about a specific product. Some reasons for that is the higher educational levels and replete(p) experience of using the products. As a result, some advertisers have moved towards creating advertisements that are out of the routine by using double meanings polysemy or by integrating ration with emotion.Businesses today face challenges such as globalisation and opportunities as technology advance ment and decreased legislation. Marketing is the service concept, which is aimed at the creation, promotion, and manner of speaking of satisfactorys and services to the customers.Although many non-profit organisations dont sell products but they market their mission. They need to make the people understand their cause. in truth often it is assumed that the people will automatically support the good cause. Unfortunately, this is a false premise. heretofore the go around of programs will fade into obscurity unless non-profit management intentionally makes other groups, associations, businesses, and individuals aware of their mission and unceasingly maintains that level of awareness. Communication builds understanding and advocates change. Non-profits should define their intended audiences, target their messages to these groups, and outline strategic plans that will best use limited resources to meet organisational goals and objectives.How many people in your community are alert to the good work of your organisation Effective communication and a consistent image also enhance the business leader of non-profit organisations to raise money. If local community members do not have an awareness of the good work that a non-profit does it is unlikely that they will contribute to a fund raising campaign. In turn, if private foundations do not see financial support at the local level, they may be less inclined to destine grants. Foundations also look at grant proposals to see how an organisation plans to communicate the results of their program. Marketing is an on-going, cumulative strategy that can build financial partnerships.Regardless of an organisations size or mission, here are some ingrained elements of successful marketing that will work to build community awareness and support. Wendy Gray Maynard, Marketing for non-profit Organisations, excogitation Marketing Group, Inc., available at http//www.marketingsource.com/articles/view/2101The American marketing association defines market research as The systematic gathering, recording, and analysis of data about problems relating to the marketing of goods and services. Consumer analysis is an

Logistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Logistics - Essay ExampleIn the near future, low-cost RFID electronic product codes or smart-labels may be a realistic substitute for optical barcodes on customer items. Unluckily, the worldwide role of RFID devices in consumer items may expose innovative security and privacy risks not present in closed manufacturing environments (Benny, 2002).One auto-ID system missing the flaws of optical barcodes is supported by radio frequency recognition (RFID). The send for RFID could be applied to systems in use for more than sixty years. Possibly the earliest radio identification technology was the Identify Friend system used in Allied aircraft throughout World fight II. In 1940, the British Royal Air Force prepared aircrafts with radio transponders that would eat action when interrogated.RFID transponders take object classifying information. This information may comprise the producer, product, model and a distinctive serial number. Cooperatively, this information is oft referred to as the tags identity, or simply as ID.An identity may be of some(prenominal) length. Mostly, a 96 bit identity would be sufficient for most functions. RFID tags comprise a miniscule microchip connected to an antennae or other pairing component. The tag corresponds by means of radio frequencies with a transceiver.The tag identity may be read automatically devoid of line of sight, through non-conducting head for instance cardboard or paper, at a speed of several hundred reads per second and offset a distance of several meters.RFID systems have come into view as a realistic auto-ID dissent in industries as wide-ranging as automobile manufacturing, microchip fabrication and even cattle herding. The closing example is in fact one of the first commercialized RFID systems. A strong RFID tag with a distinctive identity was connected to each cows ear, permitting herders to follow a specific sentient being in addition to take temperature readings. These tags could

Asses the Contribution of Functionalism to Our Understanding Essay Example for Free

Asses the Contri furtherion of Functionalism to Our Understanding EssayFunctionalist watch overs are based on that society is a dust of interdependent bankrupts held together by a shared culture or consensus. They conceptualize that both part of society performs functions that help keep society running effectively. They use the lawsuit of a tree trunk to explain the way society runs as each part of our body has to work together in order for us to stay alive this is the same as society according to a functionalist. teaching according to Emilie Durkheim (1903) consists of two main functions, creating cordial solidarity and teaching specialist skills. Social solidarity is the sense of being part of a group or society. Functionalists believe this is key to making education run accordingly as without social solidarity pack would only self indulge in their own desires. Education helps to create social solidarity as it helps transmit societies culture, beliefs and determine f rom generation to generationkeeping society running correspondingly. Schools also procedure in preparing children for society in real life by teaching the concepts of operative together with people you do not always no. his links with working as in work you produce to work coherently with people who you will not know. Specialist skills are having the necessary skills to perform their spot in education to the bride way towards working life. Education helps children prepare for this through teaching children in several(predicate) a range of subjects which they will then come to specialise in the subjects they are good in which will in turn help them earn money in society in posterior life.Education also according to functionalists gives all children an equal opportunity to develop on their own single(a) talents also known as meritocracy which is achieving through your own effort. Davis and Moore (1945) argue that education sorts children into their future educational roles by s orting their aptitudes and abilities which also links to social solidarity as to do certain jobs you need the necessary fashioning and experience. However there are criticisms of functionalists and education.Melvin Tumin (1953) put forward a circular argument and criticises David and Moore by set forward such questions as how do we know what job is more important? answer because its highly Rewarded and why are some jobs higher rewarded than others? answer because they are more important. Marxists believe that society only transmits the ideology of the ruling class therefore it disadvantages the working classes in education. One example is that Marxists prepare the working class for there jobs through education therefore it is only transmitting values of the ruling class.Also Marxists believe that the situate is controlled by the ruling classes who transmit the ideology state instrument which is that it maintains control through controlling peoples ideas, values and beliefs thr ough religion, mass media and the education system. This criticises the functionalist view as social solidarity is meant to transmit these values and beliefs which according to Marxists are only means to control the working class. Meritocracy according to Marxists is a myth as we are controlled by the higher classes and we cannot achieve our status we set apart our status.Another big criticism of functionalism in education is that functionalists believe that everybody at school behaves and accepts all that is taught when this is not the true case. It does not explain why some people come to fail examinations if everybody works in a general consensus. Dennis Wrong (1961) refers to this as puppets in society. The new right believe that the state fails to prepare the young for work as the state discourages choice and competition.Another disadvantage is that functionalists cannot explain under-achievement and contrariety of opportunity in education. In conclusion Functionalism has a g ood general understanding of Education but it has quite obvious flaws as not everybody is going to get on in society so it is impossible to have a general consensus. Also the disadvantages of Functionalism in education seem to out ponder the positives therefore functionalism does not give a real positive understanding of education.

The Mona Lisa Essay Example for Free

The Mona Lisa EssayThe Mona Lisa is perhaps Leonardo Da Vincis most famous of paintings. It is an oil painting, painted on poplar wood. The painting is most famous for the smiling of the adult female, which people have been trying to decipher for a long time. many an(prenominal) believe that the portrait is that of Da Vinci himself, while many also place a lot mystic connections with this painting. The portrait depicts a womans bust, with a distant landscape that is visible in the backdrop. Leonardo used a profit design to install in simple and calm manner within the painting. The woman is shown with her hands folded, with her breast, neck, and lawsuit painted the same color as her hands. The light is diffused so that the various curves and geometrical shapes on the painting are made visible through it. Perhaps the most interesting thing close the painting is the womans smile.Many believe that it is innocent and inviting, while others believe that of smugness and a smirk. Many scientific studies have been undertaken to determine the exact nature of the smile and the real reason remains a mystery. It is believed that every person sees the smile differently because of the changes in the lightning that Leonardo presented. The woman is shown seated in an untied area, and behind her is a vast landscape, which recedes to an icy mountain. Some winding paths and a far away tie is also perceptible in the background. The painting is an amazing one should definitely take a panorama at it in order to appreciate its full beauty. The painting is currently on display at the Musee du Louvre, in Paris.

A General Biography Essay Example for Free

A General Biography EssayColin Jones presents a moderate and historical verbal description of the development of the city of genus capital of France. According to Jones, although capital of France was the fondness of European culture, it was also the center of political intrigues, rebellion, and revolution. From 1715, Paris became the witness of the sad pages in the books of Western history. Revolutions, religious wars, and political chaos descended the city a outgrowth of factionalism. Indeed, according to the author, the beautiful city of Paris shrouded the problems which were common to the French state. From 1715The reign of Louis XIV brought France to a check of relative peace and prosperity. The Sun King built palaces throughout the country to commemorate his glorious reign. neighboring Paris, for example, he ordered the building of the Versailles Palace. The city, however, was relentless. Riots periodically broke out, as the supply of food in the city gradually dim inished. In 1750, the city was once more torn by civil dissent. This time, it was the issue of continued colonial wars. Many of the Parisians regarded the colonial wars as addition burden on the part of the common concourse.However, when viewed from the lens of a historian, it was clear that the dissent was caused by periodic famine in the city. After the d eraseh of Louis XIV, the stage was primed(p) for a revolution. The reign of Louis XVI seemed to be calm and on the road to progress. Many of the Parisians, as about of the French people, liked the new monarch. He was spiritually subtle and politically mild. The extravagance of his court, however, caught the imagination of the people of Paris. France was suffering from bankruptcy Paris was descending into another great famine.The French monarchy did nothing to alleviate these sufferings. In fact, when Marie Antoinette asked, what is happening to the city? her maid said, the people do not have enough bread. The queen replied, Then, they should eat cakes. Paris was ripe for a revolution. On July 14, 1789, the prison of Bastille was attacked by a large Parisian mob. The index was forced to call the Estate-General to resolve the economic and political issues. The Third Estate broke from the council and declared the mental home of a constitutional monarchy.Over the years, Paris became a battleground of political ideologies. A republic was established. The king, together with prominent royalists, was executed. Over the course of five years, Paris saw the rise of Napoleon to the throne of France. Paris became the capital of the First French Empire under Napoleon. With the demise of Napoleon in the early 1800s, Paris was the scene of political turmoil. The monarchy was reestablished. By 1830, Parisians revolted against the monarchy during the July Revolution.The February Revolution of 1848 ended the monarchy of Louis-Philippe. The piece Republic was established. The Industrial Revolution and the south Fr ench Empire brought Paris the greatest development in its history. From 1840, rail transport allowed the flow of migrants into Paris. or so of these migrant were attracted by employment in factories. Under Napoleon II, the city underwent massive renovations. Streets were widened and the neo-classical facades of Paris were improved. During the Second and Third Republics, Paris was again renovated.Modern buildings were constructed. During the First World War, the city known today was in place. It was spared from the trenches of the Western Front because the German Army failed to reach its suburbs in 1914. During the Second World War, the city was again spared. It was neither the center of German industry nor the primary target of Allied bombers. After the war, the city was renovated. It became the center of arts and culture in the European continent.ReferenceColin Jones. 2004. Paris The Biography of a City. New York Penguin Viking.

Bank of China †Survey of products and services provided Essay Example for Free

chamfer of mainland China Survey of products and returnss tryd turn upPersonal Banking. In the personal swearing divide one of the principal products and run intromit deposit products. The Bank of China provides a variety of deposit products including orthogonal currency deposits. It has also included multifunctional debit plank which can assist fiscal planning. (Deposits, 2006). It has also got a facility for deposit collections at different places which further those with assignable jobs or changing residences frequently to follow up their deposits without any geographical constraints (Deposits, 2006).Deposit Certificates ar being issued by the Bank for peoples needs for studying abroad, visiting relatives or for domestic requirements. (Deposits, 2006). The swear also provides facilities for payment of fees, providing pay to employees, stock fund transfer service and handling of securities trading services. (Deposits, 2006). In addition Personal Checks atomic number 18 provided for high value account holders for making large purchases which are beyond the credit card limits allotted. (Personal Check, 2006). In the loans segment, Bank of China is providing a variety of loans to its personal customers.The special loans include educational loans which can be commercial or state. The latter are at discounted interests by the central pecuniary authorities in China, while commercial loans are for financing tuition and otherwise fees which is supported privately. (Loans, 2006). Auto loans include financing for purchase of cars. In addition there are motive power loans to facilitate in board as well as out board travel which save has to be only through approved travel company services as per bank norms. (Loans, 2006). in that respect are petty consumer credit loans which are provided for facilitating normal consumption needs of customers such as crusade service and fee payments. (Loans, 2006). For such purposes the client is required to b e credit worthy. A normal service provided by the Bank is renting of safe deposit box. (Loans, 2006). Another important service provided by the bank is that of Bancassurance, which involves a tie up with the insurance companies, providing the client a full range of services to include insurance, premiums on policy and preservation at a savings outlet in BOC.(Bancassurance, 2006). Corporate Banking. In the corporate banking sector, the Bank of China has a strong presence with a global profile. Its experience and expertness is seen to be of particular benefit to the Chinese businessman seeking to do business globally. (Corporate, 2006) The bank claims to provide unique services based on its ability to assess market sensitivity. The various corporate services provided by the bank include financing for trade, risk controls, protection of risk of debt and is extending even further to centering of ledger and collection.(Corporate, 2006). In the loans segment the various types of loans in clude providing working capital to the companies, for financing projects, real state businesses, fixed assets and loans on foreign currency. (Corporate, 2006) Business is provided finance in various forms of credit such as a normal credit line, credit for export buyers, finance lease guarantees, credit for export sellers, accounts due purchases and labor service contracts. (Corporate, 2006).For inter field businesses, the services provided include both inward and outward remittance, collection of letter of credit for both imports and exports, bill discounting, packing loan and guarantees for businesses and shipping. (Corporate, 2006). The investment banking services include a financial advisory service, cash succeedment, loan trusts and means bank business. The bank has also developed extensive e banking services to include i-banking, telephone banking and mobile phone banking. These services are seen to be highly impelling in providing the corporate a variety of mediums of int eraction on the World Wide Web.(Corporate, 2006). In the segment of foreign exchange and settlement, it is the lead bank in China and hence enjoys considerable leverage in the Chinese banking industry. This caters for individual and personal foreign exchange needs. (Forex, 2006). It has also facilities for forward transactions in foreign exchange Global business facilities include same day facility of funds transfer with the foreign NICS programme in place which enables transactions across 581 overseas branches in 26 countries and regions on a single computer network. (Global, 2006).Linked to SWIFT communications, it enables a safe and speedy transaction for business persons. This is in particular significant with the extensive network of the Bank within China comprising of over 12,000 branches. It also facilitates international clients to transfer money within China speedily. (Global, 2006). Overseas Presence. The Banks overseas presence has been consistently growing after the C hina discipline Finance Company (HK) was established in 1979, followed by Bank of China Groups Securities Limited in 1983, Bank of China International UK Ltd 1996 and Bank of China International in Hong Kong in 1998.(BOCI, 2006). The subsequent immersion of BOCI into mainland has provided it added opportunity to establish close links with stable Chinese corporations to include China National crude Corporation, State Development Investment Corporation, China General Technology (Group) Holdings Limited and so on. (BOCI, 2006) This enables strengthening of the financial link of the Bank providing it greater stability in the international as well as national banking domains. (BOCI, 2006). Banking Facilitation.The BOC is also an agent bank for a large number of other banks providing them the services of consignment banking to manage loans between borrowers and the agent bank. The consignment banks include China Import and Export Bank and the State Development Bank. (Agent, 2006).This provides the client bank the advantage of drawing upon the experience, expertise and network of a larger bank with an international presence as the BOC. A relatively high quality of service is said to be provided to the agent bank by BOC. Generally a tripartite agreement is signed between the BOC, the client bank and the borrower. (Agent, 2006).

Pronoun Usage Essay Example for Free

Pronoun Usage Essay person had left their tennis shoes in the affection of the floor. This reprobate has a problem with pronoun usage in that there is a plural personal possessive pronoun, but someone is a unmatched pronoun. Therefore, the sentence contains an error in agreement. One can fix this error in four different ways. The starting time is to correct the error. Someone had left HIS or HER tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. This uses a singular personal possessive pronoun of his/her which does agree with the singular someone. Another way to correct the sentence is to use a plural subject. For example, both of my brothers left their tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Here, the pronoun BOTH agrees with the pronoun their in that they atomic number 18 both plural. A third way to fix the error is to remove the pronoun altogether. The sentence would sound uniform this Someone had left tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Of course this one does not intimat e that the shoes left necessarily belonged to the someone in question. Finally, one can avoid the confusion with the pronoun someone by using a more obviously singular subject. For example, a person left his or her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Or, my mother left her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor, or my father left his tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.

Dignity in Ivan and the Sound of Waves Essay Example for Free

self-worth in Ivan and the Sound of Waves EssayIn the novels, unitary Day in the life of Ivan Denisovich by black lovage Solzhenitsyn and The Sound of Waves by Yukio Mishima, the characters value their dignity and take many actions to preserve it. First of all, in angiotensin-converting enzyme Day in the life of Ivan Denisovich, Shukhov attempts to keep an eye on his human dignity in the face of oppression. As Shukhov begins his workaday routine, he quickly finished up the job. Theres work and work If youre works for human beings, then do a real job of it (Solzhenitsyn 33). Shukhov is impris cardinald in a gulag, one of the worst possible places to be, scarcely he still maintains his human dignity by keeping a good work ethic. Shukhov knows that if he works well he provide be treated well, but beyond that, the fact that he is working for another human being gives him reason to maintain a good work ethic, and his self- think of.Furthermore, Shukhov always preforms many sm all, but meaning full actions in order to maintain his dignity. While eating his rations, Shukhov removed his cap from his shaven headhowever cold it was, he wouldnt let himself eat with his cap on (16). Shukhov still maintains his manners, even when he is forcibly kept in a gulag prison. His manners are very important as they allow him a way to hold on human and keep his dignity, rather than deteriorating to the state of an animal, like some of the other prisoners. While the characters in One Day in the life of Ivan Denisovich, attempt to maintain their dignity as a means of holiday resort in the gulags, the characters of The Sound of Waves, retain their dignity as a means of protecting their status in society. To begin, the characters in the Sound of Waves do not tolerate any embarrassment or loss of respect to their peers.When Shinjis mother visits Terukichi Miyatas home he ignores her visit and she replies, so you say you wont read a poor widowWell let me tell you something never in life will I ever flub Miyatas damned threshold again (Mishima 128-129). Shinjis mother vows never to cross paths with Miyatas home after he insults her by refusing to meet with her. Shinjis mother takes a earn to her pride and retaliates in a way that would imply her intolerance for disrespect. Moreover, the characters in the novel are guileless and refrain from committing any acts that would call into question their morals and self-respect.While resting naked with Shinji in the shrine, Hatsue says, Its bad. Its bad Its bad for a girl to do that before she is married (76-77). Although the urge to withdraw in a sexual relation with Shinji is strong, Hatsue knows it would hurt not only her self-respect but in addition defile her fathers reputation in the hamlet. Although characters in both novels take actions to preserve their individual dignities, in One Day in the life of Ivan Denisovich, It is done to maintain their humanity and sanity when they are treated like ani mals. While in The Sound of Waves, the characters preserve their dignity to uphold the respect of the village and their peers. Overall, the characters in both novels value their dignity and take many actions to uphold it.

Caring for People with Additional Needs Essay Example for Free

Caring for bulk with Additional Needs EssayIntroductionIn my AO1 caring for tidy sum with supererogatory destinys portfolio I am going to provide and clearly display in keen detail information and empathizeing of three causes of additional needs. I will do this by researching a range of sources to get in dept information. Then I will provide an explanation with great content of the cause on people who ar in need of these services due to their additional needs. Finally, I learn in mind to record in depth and show understanding of each stage of the assistance addressment process and evaluate how it is used to access, plan, implement, monitor and review individual care plans. Definition of impedimentA physical or mental impairment, which has a substantial and long-terminus adverse effect on a persons expertness to carry out normal day-to-day activities.(http//www.equalityni.org)What is a physical hinderance?People with physical disabilities, besides known as disabl ed people or physically disabled people, contract a physical impairment which has a substantial and long term effect on their business pebibyteer to carry our day-to-day activities. Some champion with a moderate physical disability would vex mobility problems, e.g. unable to manage stairs, and need aids or assistance to walk. Someone with a severe physical disability would be unable to walk and dependent on a carer for mobility. Depending on their individual needs, disabled people whitethorn request an accessible home, with or without aids and adaptations. Occupational therapists will assess an individual persons needs for these, and associate the person on to the appropriate agency to pose adaptations carried out. Care Repair Services help disabled owner occupiers and private tenants to have adaptations carried out. (http//www.firststopc electron orbitdvice.org.uk)What is a sensory disability?A sensory disability is when one of your senses sight, hearing, smell, touch, tast e or spatial awareness, is no longer normal. For example, if you wear glasses you have a sylphlike impairment. If you find it hard to hear then you have a hearing impairment. You dont have to have completely lost a sense to be sensory impaired. (http//www.staffordshirecares.info)What is a Learning disability?A training disability come acrosss the way a person learns new things in whatever area of life, non moreover at school. Find out how a learning disability contri scarcee affect someone, and who stinker offer support. It affects the way they understand information and how they communicate. This means they give the axe have fuss judgment new or interwoven information Learning new skills, and Coping independentlyIn mulish terms, says Lesley Campbell from the learning disability charity Mencap, a learning disability means that its harder for your child to learn, understand and communicate than it is for several(predicate) children. A learning disability is not the al ike as learning bother or mental illness. People get confused if they start using the term learning encumbrance. In education this means things like dyslexia, which is not a learning disability, says Campbell. Our definition of learning disabilities focuses on people who have difficulty learning across more than one area of their life. Its not just to do with reading or writing. (http//www.nhs.uk)The three arrests I have chosen to focus on are vote downs syndrome that is caused by a chromosomal distemper, intellectual palsy that is caused by price before and after birth and diabetes that is caused by a disease and medical exam condition.Firstly I am going to research mountainss syndrome, which is caused by a chromosomal disorder. sights syndrome is a genic disorder that was named after John Langdon fine-tune, the doctor who first recognised it as a distinct condition in 1866. overmatchs syndrome affects a scotchs normal physical using and causes moderate to severe learn ing difficulties. It is a lifelong condition that develops when a baby is still in the womb (uterus). Children who are born with Downs syndrome also have a higher chance of developing other conditions, some of which are life threatening. (http//www.nhs.uk)Downs syndrome (DS), also called Trisomy 21, is a condition in which extra genetic visible causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically. The physical features and medical problems associated with Downs syndrome fundament vary widely from child to child. While some children with Downs syndrome need a lot of medical help, others lead healthy lives. Though Downs syndrome faecest be prevented, it can be detected before a child is born. The health problems that whitethorn go along with Downs syndrome can be treated, and umteen resources are available to help children and their families who are living with the condition. (http//kidshealth.org)Downs syndrome is a genetic disorder that breathes in approxim ately 1 of 800 live births. It is uncommon in the UK, for example, from 2007 to 2008, 1,843 cases of Downs syndrome were diagnosed during pregnancy, and 743 babies were born with the condition. Downs syndrome affects close 1 in e very(prenominal) 1,000 live births. Downs syndrome affects all ethnic groups equally. Boys are slightly more likely ( more or less 15%) to be born with Downs syndrome than girls. (http//www.nhs.uk)The likelihood of having a baby born with Downs syndrome increases with the mothers ageWhat are the symptoms?thither are estimated to be over 100 characteristics of Downs syndrome. Common characteristics of Down syndrome can overwhelm A savorless facial profile An upward slant to the bosom A short neck Abnormally wrought ears White spots on the iris of the eye (called Brushfield spots) A single, deep transverse crease on the palm of the hand Smaller than average size Exaggerated space amid the first and warrant toe Poor go through tone (called hypotonia) Joint looseness Broad feet with short toes Learning disabilities. (http//down-syndrome.emedtv.com)The diagnosingAntenatal concealment is a way of assessing whether the unborn baby could develop, or has developed, an abnormality during the pregnancy. Antenatal screening cannot diagnose conditions such as Downs syndrome, but it can determine the likelihood of the baby developing the syndrome. If the risk of Downs syndrome (or any other condition) is shown to be high, further test can be arranged to confirm whether or not the baby has the condition. The test that is used for Downs syndrome is a combined blood test and an ultrasound scan, which is known as the combined test. During a blood test, a sample of your blood will be taken and tested to check the takes of indisputable proteins and hormones. If the blood contains abnormal levels of these substances, one may have an increase risk of having a baby with Downs syndrome. (http//www.nhs.uk)The treatmentDowns syndrome is not a cond ition that can be cured. However, thither are treatments and therapies for the physical, medical and cognitive problems associated with Down syndrome. musics can be used to treat certain conditions that occur in people with Downs syndrome. For example, if a person with Down syndrome has a seizure disorder, they would value from taking anti-seizure medications. The babys pediatrician will be the main person managing the infants health issues. Most pediatricians have experience dealing with the common medical issues seen in children with Downs syndrome. Children with Down syndrome are almost always referred to early hindrance programs shortly after birth. Early intervention is a program of therapies, exercises and activities designed to specifically help children with Down syndrome or other disabilities. Physical therapy focuses on motor development. Since most children with Downs syndrome have hypotonia or low muscle tone, the finishing of physical therapy is to teach the child ren with Downs syndrome to move their bodies in appropriate ways, and to improve their muscle tone. mother tongue therapy is a very beta treatment for children with Downs syndrome. Because children with Downs syndrome often have small mouths and slightly enlarged tongues, they can have articulation problems. (http//downsyndrome.about.com)Theres no cure, but treatment of any accompanying health problems and support for learning difficulties allows many people with the syndrome to lead relatively normal and semi-independent lives. Others, however, need full-time care. Many people with the condition live well into adulthood, with an average life sojournancy of around 60 days. Physiotherapy, bringing therapy and special educational programmes have an important role to play, while specific medical conditions associated with the syndrome are treated as appropriate.(http//www.bbc.co.uk)What are the short term and long-term cause on someone with downs syndrome physically, intellectua lly, emotionally and companionablely?Long term effects- physicallyCommon Downs syndrome physical effects can include thyroid problems, hearing problems, congenital heart disease, eye problems, joint and muscle problems, Seizure, bone, Leukaemia and other cancers, Immune system problems.(http//down-syndrome.emedtv.com)Children with Down syndrome have a widely recognised characteristic appearance. Their head may be smaller than normal and abnormally shaped. Other prominent characteristics of Down syndrome are a flattened nose, protruding tongue, upward slanting eyes, short hands and fingers, and a single crease in the palm. (http//www.mamashealth.com) bunco term effects- physicallyChildren with Down syndrome have decreased resistance to infections and are more prone to dental consonant disease. Some people with Downs syndrome may have to wear glasses or eye patches.(http//www.health.state.mn.us)Long term effects- intellectuallyDowns syndrome affects a childs ability to learn in diff erent ways, but most have mild to moderate intellectual impairment. Children with Downs syndrome can and do learn, and are capable of developing skills without their lives. They simply reach goals at a different pace. There is often a misconception that individuals with Downs syndrome have a static or predetermined ability to learn. This simply is not true. It is now known that individuals with Downs syndrome develop over the course of their life sentence and should be treated accordingly. The learning potential of an individual with Downs syndrome can be maximised through early intervention, good education, higher conceptualiseations and encouragement. (http//downsyndrome.about.com) Some may not be able to cope up with complex thinking that is required in the study of certain subjects. Some may achieve the complex thought process untold later. (http//www.buzzle.com)Short term effects-intellectuallyAs almost all children with Downs syndrome have some degree of intellectual disab ility, we expect them to have more difficulty developing speech than normal children do. If the child with Downs syndrome does not have a hearing loss we expect the childs ability to develop speech to be somewhat dependent on the level of intellectual ability. Therefore, if the child has only a mild intellectual disability (and no hearing loss) he or she usually develops a great deal of speech and can have a guileless conversation with family or friends. If the child has a very severe degree of intellectual disability we expect the Down syndrome child to have a great deal of difficulty developing spoken language, and we may use signs and/or pictures (augmentative conference) to help us communicate with that child. (http//www.sch.edu.au)Long term effects-emotionallyAround 1 in 5 people with Downs syndrome will develop a psychological or behavioral condition. Children Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) a behavioural condition that is characterised by a short attention span and impulsiveness Autistic spectrum disorder a developmental disorder than can cause problems with language, behaviour and social interaction Teenagers and adultsDepression a condition that causes persistent feelings of extreme sadness Obsessive compulsive disorder a health condition that is usually associated with both obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviour. (http//www.nhs.uk)Short term effects emotionallyBecause of the communication problems discussed above, people with Downs syndrome may have difficulty talking about things that make them sad or angry. Major life changes such as loss or insularism may prompt decreases in appropriate behaviour at school or work. (http//www.ds-health.com)Long term effects sociallyThey are recognisably inarticulate in their language and communication skills. Their emotional and intellectual maturation is often retarded. Children with Downs syndrome lack in social abilities. (http//www.buzzle.com)Short term effects sociallySocially people with Downs syndrome are affected, they may feel that it is difficult to mix with people independently, although further into their lives they may develop more confidence to be able to socialise more easily. Thats not to say that people with Downs syndrome are shy or unsociable, but just may have less confidence in certain years of their lives. Some people with Downs syndrome may have to be supervised because of their condition, leaving them less outgoing and feeling self-conscious having an adult watching over them.My second cause of additional need that i now intend to discuss is cerebral palsy rational palsy is a general term covering a number of neurological conditions that affect a childs movement and coordination. Neurological conditions affect the brain and nervous system. Cerebral palsy is caused by damage to the brain, which normally occurs before, during or soon after birth. Known possible causes of cerebral palsy include Infection in early pregnancy A difficult or previous(p) birth Bleeding in the babys brain Abnormal brain development in the baby (http//www.nhs.uk) At some point very early in life, either while a baby is still growing in the womb, during birth or shortly after, something happens to interfere with the normal development of the brain or to injure the brain interweaves. This abnormal development or injury disrupts the nerve signals between the brain and the muscles, leading to problems with movement, posture and coordination as the child grows up. This is called cerebral palsy. While some people are severely affected, others have only minor disruption, depending on which parts of the brain are not operation properly. Its estimated that as many as 1 in every 400 children may have cerebral palsy, which means nearly 2,000 babies, from all social backgrounds and ethnic groups, are diagnosed every year. (http//www.bbc.co.uk)About 1 in 500 babies born in the UK have cerebral palsy. The number of cases per year (the incidence) has not changed much over the period of 50 years or so. The health and care of mothers have improved in this time and some causes of cerebral palsy have decreased. However, more babies are universe born untimely and surviving. A proportion of these will have cerebral palsy. This (together with the cause in most cases not being known) is probably why the number of cases has not changed much over the period of 50 years or so. (http//www.patient.co.uk)What are the symptoms?Cerebral palsy is often classified into different slips depending on the type of symptoms, which in work on probably reflect which parts of the brain are not working as they should. These include spasmodic cerebral palsy (about 70 per cent of all cases) some of the muscles in the body are tight, harsh and weak, drawing the limbs in and making control of movement difficult. Athetoid (dyskinetic) cerebral palsy (10 per cent of cases) control of muscles is disrupt by spontaneous and unwanted irregular writhing move ments. These may be the result of muscles changing very rapidly from being loose and floppy to very tight and tense. The muscles used for speech may also be affected, interfering with communication. Control of posture is also disrupted. Ataxic cerebral palsy problems include difficulty with balance, shaky movements of hands or feet, and difficulty with speech. Mixed cerebral palsy a combination of 2 or more of the above. In coordination of the muscles of the mouth may cause feeding problems such as dense feeding, gagging and vomiting. There may be delayed motor milestones, such as crawling and walking, weakness or paralysis of the limbs, an abnormal gait and slowness in developing speech and social skills. As many as one in three children and adolescents with cerebral palsy also has epilepsy (or seizures).Other common problems include Difficulty with walking, writing, eating, talking, dressing Problems with balance and coordination Difficulty controlling and maintaining postu re (they may need help to personate upright) Visual difficulties Hearing problems (http//www.bbc.co.uk)The symptoms of cerebral palsy normally become apparent during the first three years of your childs life. Your child may be slower in achieving important developmental goals, such as learning to crawl, walk or speak. Children with cerebral palsy also tend to have problems with their muscle tone (the unconscious mind ability to contract or relax muscles as needed). Your child may have Hypertonia increased muscle tone, which can make them appear stiff or rigid Hypotonia decreased muscle tone, which makes them appear floppy (http//www.nhs.uk)The diagnosisThe paediatrician will ask about a childs history and their physique of development. They will also study a childs reflexes, posture, motor skills and muscle tone. Depending on the childs age, they may also be referred to an educational psychologist so the childs intellectual development can be assessed. Further tests may be rec ommended to find out out other conditions, which cause similar symptoms to cerebral palsy, such as a tumour or muscular dystrophy (a genetic condition affecting the development of the muscles). In some cases, further testing will also be able to confirm a diagnosis of cerebral palsy. This is because the condition can cause changes to the structure of the brain, which can be detected by the tests. Tests a child may require include Blood tests Cranial ultrasound, which uses sound waves to build up a picture of the childs brain tissue MRI scan, which uses radio and magnetic waves to study the brain in more detail CT scan, which uses a series of X-rays that are then assembled by a computer to create a detailed three-D model of a childs brain While a confident diagnosis of cerebral palsy can usually be made when s child is two or three years old, the type and severity of a childs cerebral palsy may not be determined until they reach intravenous feeding or five years of age. (http//ww w.nhs.uk)TreatmentTheres no cure for cerebral palsy. However, there are fate of treatments and therapies that can reduce the impact of the condition by easing symptoms such as spasticity, improving communication skills and finding other ways to do things. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy can all play an important part. Children with cerebral palsy do best when they get special help from an early age. Because the brain changes a lot during the first few years of life, it can be difficult to assess the extent of cerebral palsy at first, but most experts suggest babies should be first assessed at about 9 to 12 months. Many children with cerebral palsy benefit from an approach known as conductive education, which helps them to belabor movement problems and gain some control through special education and rehabilitation.Adults can get a lot from it too. Speech and language therapy helps with speech development and also with eating, drinking, and swallowing. Surgery is sometimes needed to conform any deformities that develop as a result of abnormal muscle development or function. Medication can reduce muscle hyperactivity and spasticity, but physiotherapy is the bedrock of cerebral palsy management and can helps with posture and movement. It also tries to prevent progression of disability. Occupational therapy helps children overcome difficulties performing everyday tasks, encouraging them to lead independent lives. With help, most people with cerebral palsy are able to live much the same sort of lives as everyone else. They may have to work a bit harder to overcome practical problems, but most things are possible. (http//www.bbc.co.uk)

Electronic Health Records and Our Government Essay Example for Free

Electronic Health Records and Our Government EssayElectronic Health Records involvement in health care reform is at the main focus of lowering the cost to make care much affordable and improvement in the quality of care patients receive. The transition to electronic health records for the last match categorys have been driven by offered incentives through the government. As the time pass by the popularity of electronic health record system increase more and more. EHR Systems involvement with government health care reforms in 2010Financial incentives were aligned to encourage the adoption of EHR. To further support the transition to EHR funds were also provided to accept health care professionals on how to us EHR in a purposeful manner. The incentives decline every course of instruction until 2015 when it will then be mandatory. After the deadline of 2015 not being in compliance will government issue in being penalized financially. In order to receive the incentives there are very specific guidelines and requirements that moldiness be fulfilled. Some examples of requirements are EHR systems that record BMI (body mass index), patient demographics, as well as 40% of prescriptions must be submitted electronically. EHR Systems involvement with government health care reforms in 2011The reporting year begins for entitled professions on January world-class. Medicare EMR incentive program registration began in January third. In April Attestation began. In May Payments began. July 3rd was the last day for eligible hospitals to begin their 90 day reporting period to demonstrate meaningful use for the Medicare EMR incentive program. September 30th was the last day of reporting year ends for eligible hospitals. October 1st was the last day for eligible professionals to begin their 90 day reporting period for calendar year 2011. December 31st the reporting year ends foreligible professions. Out of 57% of office based physicians that were utilise HER systems o nly 34% met the criteria to receive incentives. (CDC) EHR Systems involvement with government health care reforms in 2013 According to the CDC By this time fifty percent of doctors and eighty percent of hospitals were receiving incentives for using EHR meaningfully. Before the encouragement of transitioning to EHR by hot seat Obama only seventeen percent of physicians were using it. (U.S. Department of Health Human Services) It was predicted by the congressional work out office that the federal government will be saving close to twelve billion by converting to electronic health records.(U.S. Department of Health Human Services)WORKS CITEDHsiao, Chun-ju, and Esther Hing. Electronic Health Record Systems and heart to Apply for Meaningful riding habit Incentives Among Office-based Physician Practices. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 07 Mar. 2012. Web. 11 Sept. 2014. HHS. News. Doctors and Hospitals design of Health IT More than Doubles since 2012. U.S. Department of Health Humanservices, n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2014. Pear, Robert. Standards Issued for Electronic Health Records. THE impudently YORK TIMES. NEW YORK TIMES COMPANY, 13 July 2010. Web.Schiling, Brian. Quality Matters. The Federal Government Has Put Billions into Promoting Electronic Health Record Use How Is It Going? THE Comonwealth Fund, n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2014. Feris, Nancy. Electronic Health Record Standards. Health Affairs. Project Hope, n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2014.

Same-sex marriage debate Essay Example for Free

Same-sex marriage debate seeThe world is constantly changing and evolving. It isnt possible to stop this from happening, but it is possible to stand up for what is chastely even out and for what isnt. And now, we are faced with what objet darty people feel is the inevitable evolution of marriage legalizing man marriages. Not allowing homosexual marriages to be recognized by the govern custodyt and to be legal would prevent changing a fundamental institution, would prohibit breaching the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and would prevent unthinkable consequences. Marriage has been around for as coarse as anyone can remember. And after all this time, it has changed very little in the eyes of the law. Every major(ip) religion and culture has embraced marriage as a unique relationship between a man and a cleaning lady. One of the only times marriage was altered, was when no-fault divorce was legalised. No-fault divorce was introduced, and it has proven to be a complete disaster for children and often for the adults involved. Statistics now show that 53% of marriages end in divorce. And now, we find ourselves shimmer yet again with an institution that is foundational to the well-being of our children and a healthy society.The same argument once make in support of no-fault divorce, This will non affect good marriages and healthy families, is now being do in support of gay marriage. Yet we confound no credible evidence to prove that holdfast our marriage laws again will be any less problematic for children and society than was no-fault divorce. The painful lessons we have learned as a result of no-fault divorce should stop this process cold in its tracks.To fundamentally change an institution whose worth has been proved over thousands of years and in hundreds of cultures risks unintended and unexpected consequences. It is with illimitable caution that any man ought to venture upon pulling tear an edifice which has answered in any permissible degree f or ages the common purposes of society.Secondly, it has been argued that prohibiting homosexuals to marry would breach the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Charter was modified in 1981 with the following head teacher Whereas Canada is founded upon the principlesthat recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law. With such an acknowledgement, how could the acceptance of same-sex marriages even be considered? Time and again, the word of honor clearly states and demonstrates Gods position on homosexualitySodom and Gomorrah were destroyed because of homosexuality (Gen 1820-21 195-7, 13)Homosexuals will not inherit the kingdom of God (1 Cor 69-10)Those who practice homosexuality are called perverted men (Jdg 1922)The penalty under the Old Testament for homosexuality was death (Lev 2013)It is abominable, whether committed by men or women (Ro 126-27)Three Ontario judges stated that prohibiting gay couples from marrying violates the Charter The Charter, acknowledging the supremacy (ie. dominion, preeminence) of God strikes down any notion that same-sex marriages can be accepted in Canada.Thirdly, the Marriage Act of Ontario, when speaking of a marriage mentions a man and wife. How does a same-sex couple fit this comment? The same document outlines a list of people whom a man cannot marry (grandmother, mother, daughter, sister, granddaughter). Likewise, a list of people whom a woman cannot marry is provided (grandfather, father, son, brother, grandson). If the Marriage Act permitted homosexual marriages, why is a man not restricted from marrying his grandfather, father, son, brother, grandson? And likewise, why is a woman not restricted from marrying her grandmother, mother, daughter, sister, granddaughter? It is for the simple reason that same-sex marriages do not fall in spite of appearance the framework of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Marriage Act of Ontario, or or so importantly, Gods holy word.To change the definition of marriage w ould be to change the nature of marriage to recommend that, the full impact of the change moldiness be understood. And that impact must be considered not just at the individual level, but most importantly at the societal level, and not just for the present, but also the future.Definition (and language in general) create human reality. We dont just change words, we change the nature of an entity when we redefine it. Definitions are frames that we place on events, concepts or circumstances, in found to give them meaning we frame reality with language in order to find meaning in that reality. Those in the gay community who want same-sex marriage are right to seek meaning in their relationships and to want to have that meaning publicly recognized. They are wrong, however, to try to do it by co-opting the institution of marriage. The institution of marriage cannot function in that way without being deformed and destroyed.

CVS stops selling tobacco products Essay Example for Free

CVS stops change tobacco products EssayReason, declared Kant, is the source and ultimate basis for honour fittingity. Morality wholly remains in pure, nescient drive and non in intuition, conscience, law, or utility. The standard of deterrent exampleity, therefore, is inherent in the human mind it is determinable save in terms of the mind and it is derived from ones innerself by direct perception (Cavico Mujtaba, 2013). harmonise to Kant, in order to be chaste, one has to be rational. The right use of reason is directed to moral ends (Cavico Mujtaba, 2009). A person has to think rationally, he or she does not induct think only good around self-interest. As a result of that, there is no place for such thing as good Egoism. People should be treated with dignity and respect. Kant pre nervees that human beings are rational and bathroom utilize reason (Cavico Mujtaba, 2009). Kant called the supreme ethical principles the Categorical Imperative.This principle is ne cessary element of human reason and foundation upon which rest all moral judgments (Cavico Mujtaba, 2013). Kants method has three parts of runing, which are used for identification whether or not an deedion is moral. No matter in what kind of situation a person can be, a rational individual performs an activeness because he or she has a moral obligation and duty. practical application of Kantian ethical AnalysisThe categorical Imperative is not a principle of performance itself instead, it ethically lays down the form a moral maxim must take. Thus, said Kant, reason indicates that a moral action must start out a certain form. The ethics ladder is a formal test (Cavico Mujtaba, 2013). Literally, a person has to indicate whether his/her actions would be successful or would be considered as a self-destruction. In this case, the test will determine that situation with the risque society such CVS will be most be resembling successful. One of the main reasons that the company is doing this, is to show the public and competitors that it really cares about the wellness and well-being of its customers and the nation. By taking out all tobacco products from all CVS stores in the United States, the administration of the company who make water main input in the way how the firm works, would really benefit. In general public susceptibility be surprised that CVS are going to aim on muckles health. In this kind of situation galore(postnominal) things will change and increase in the business, things as blaspheme and confidence would be maintained. So, action passes the firstly test.The second test states that every person should be treated with dignity, respect and as a expensive and worthwhile entity (Cavico Mujtaba, 2009).This test involves by itself shareholders, employee, employer, consumers, and society as well. In this case most plurality shake off different point of view, some of them firmly believe that they have the right to buy any products the y like or to do whatever they chose to do.There is an argument, which explains that it might be unethical for the company like CVS to get at people uncomfortable for purchasing tobacco products. CVS does not show any respect for smokers. They feel themselves not welcomed. According to Kantian theory CVS should need to make sure that their clients feel comfortable and welcome in the apothecarys shops, no matter what kind of products are sold. CVS has to analyze and think about customers themselves, not only about profits, even though that basically, the idea of having business is for income purpose. To conform with the Kantian views, the company like CVS which is one of the largest drugstore chains in the United States, should pay more attention for its prosperity, rather than a little verbalism of the firm to have some profits. Kant assumes that people cannot take advantage of an another(prenominal) person. Additionally, it also explains that people cannot act and do anything wit hout full comprehension and permission of the person. An individual needs someones logical, intellectual, complete agreement for this to happen. In this situation, people can think differently. Some of them can support CVS for the idea of removing tobacco products from pharmacy place, because it is ethical and some of them firmly argue with this statement. Even though that the people deeply understand that the products they were purchasing have the risks for their health and very harmful for their organisms. According to this information, the second test will definitely fail. The third test is the agent-receiver test which asks whether a rational person would accept the action or rule regardless of whether he or she was the agent or the receiver of the action (Cavico Mujtaba, 2009). So, the main cost of this change would be a study loss in income. But people can lose their jobs, the managers and executives will feel decrease in salaries.Many employees may be in danger of losing a job. Moreover, the prices of shares of stocks will decrease, then shareholderscould be in danger of losing earnings. These are all the possible ways of banning all packs of cigarettes from CVS stores. Nevertheless, analytics of the company predicts that the benefits that CVS would get of trust and confidence would be worth the danger of losing profit. By stop selling tobacco products and removing all sweets from the drugstores as well, the firm would have to reassess how and in what kind of ways it can have its income. It will be very difficult to survive for the company, especially in the beginning of this change. It has a worse outcome than just minor loss in sales. The company would have a very negative effect from this and many a(prenominal) people would not have a benefit as well. In this case, customers and employees would lose. Because of CVS stops selling cigarettes, as we mentioned above, many people will lose their potential jobs, therefore, the third test certainly will not pass. Only if the company will help their employees by giving them recommendation letters and providing with rsum/interview training, the third test might be considered as passed. But as long as, the action of CVS is going to be presented in October of this year. We still do not know whether they will help their employer or not. So, at this moment of time, this action is considered as not passed.Moral Conclusion Pursuant to Kantian Ethical ModelAn action is morally right if it has a certain form, and morally wrong if it does not have that form. The Form, the Categorical Imperative, is the first, supreme, fundamental principle in ethics. It is the form a moral action must have it provides the ultimate standard by which one test can test action, rules, beliefs, and standards to determine if they are moral (Cavico Mujtaba, 2013). Based on Kants ethics, the action of CVS pharmacy about removing tobacco products from the stores can be considered moral, only if it passes the Categori cal Imperative tests. Some type of questions must be considered such as, is this action only benefiting the company or others as well? How would CVS feel if others performed this action? If the firm rationalized its actions, they would be moral. First of all, if everyone takes the same action that took CVS, the world will become healthy. We will not see any more death as a result of tobacco products. CVS has always functioned very well with good ratings in customers service and with high earnings. Even with a ban of tobacco in October, the company is stillone of the leading pharmacies in the country. Nevertheless, this new plan may not make everyone in society happy. Some people, most in all likelihood smokers think that this ban is unfair and unethical, but managers and executives thought that it was the right step for the healthy future and for the business. As a result of this decision, the company will gain trust from its consumers, which will result in a more successful firm. In other words, smokers will not be treated equally with other people with respect and dignity, therefore the second test will fail. Overall, if CVS will take care of people who probably will lose their jobs, the third test can be considered as passed. Despite the problems with Kantian ethics, Kants very important accomplishment was to underscore, and to appreciate, people as free, rational, moral beings, with individuals rights and self-imposed duties to respect others (Cavico Mujtaba, 2013).In conclusion, CVSs incredible decision involves long term perspective and sacrifices. The administration of the company has a substantialness strategy of how to operate the company and all of the stores. With a great plan on operations, they are able to have a successful business. As long as, it is such a large company, these changes will be beneficial, even with some people against the stores, unless there is another major change to products in the near future.

The Importance Of Knowledge Management Management Essay

The Importance Of cognition Management Management analyseKnowledge is quite distinct from data and information in nature. Data includes facts, observations, or perceptions which may or may not be square(a). Information, according to is the content that represents analyzed data. Knowledge is defined in an celestial orbit as justified true beliefs intimately relationships among concepts relevant to that particular area.The skills required for effective acquaintance focussing are to identify, generate, acquire, diffuse and capture the most rich benefits of association that sets up a strategic expediency to the organizations.Knowledge emotional state calendar method of birth control consists of creation, mobilization, diffusion and commoditization to explain the early emerging cognition to it maturity.INTRODUCTIONThe noesis has been performd much and more nowadays. The important of knowledge concern is recognized and efficaciously implement by numerous organizations.In t his brief essay, I allow explain the differences between knowledge and information. After that, there allow be the dealion of the importance of knowledge perplexity in the organization as salutary as how effective knowledge management cannister create rivalrous advantage for the organization. Also, the essay explains the skills required to effectively implement knowledge management process in the plumpplace through the ex formulateation of knowledge flavor cycle.NATURE OF KNOWLEDGEAccording to Fernandez (2004), to define knowledge, we need to distinguish it from data and information. Although they are sometimes employ interchangeably, knowledge is quite distinct from data and information in nature.Firstly, data includes facts, observations, or perceptions which may or may not be true. By itself, data shows the raw numbers or assertions and may consequently be devoid of context, meaning, or intent. However, it can be easily captured, stored, and communicated using electro nic or opposite media (Fernadez, 2004). For example, the schedule of movies will be show in a day, or observation of number of left-handers in a group of community illustrates data.Information, according to Dalkir (2005), is the content that represents analyzed data. Also, Fernandez (2004) defined information as a subset of data, which that includes those data that possess context, relevance, and purpose. It agent that information manipulates raw data to obtain a more meaningful indication of trends or patterns in the data. For example, for the cinema director, the numbers indicating the daily sold tickets (in dollars, quality, or component of daily sales) of each movie are considered information. So, the director can use such information to add up at decisions concerning pricing and extra or cancel some movie shows.According to Fernandez (2004), there are twain different ways to distinguish knowledge from data and information. The first one considers knowledge to be at high est level in a hierarchy with information at the middle level, and data to be at the lowest level. By this view, knowledge refers to information that enables action and decisions, or information with direction. Although, knowledge is the richest and deepest of the three, and is consequently similarly the most priceless, it is intrinsically similar to information and data.In the more complete perspective way, according to which knowledge is intrinsically different form information, knowledge is defined in an area as justified true beliefs about relationships among concepts relevant to that particular area (Nonaka, 1994). For example, the daily sold tickets can be used, along with another(prenominal) information such as information on the pop corns and soft drinks sold at the cinema, to look the total revenue. The relationship between the information is an example of knowledge.Hence, as what I understand, knowledge is how hoi polloi get information from data, or more valuable inf ormation from less valuable information.THE IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE counseling IN THE ORGANIZATIONKnowledge management was defined by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) as the process of applying a domineering approach to the capture, structure, management, and dissemination of knowledge throughout an organization in order to work faster, reuse dress hat practices, and reduce cost of rework from project to project. It means that Knowledge management is the logical process that helps people to use knowledge effectively and efficiently.There are 4 business drivers that make knowledge management become important and increase in application for today according to Dalkir (2005). Firstly, the globalization of business means that the expansion of organization to global with multisite, multilingual, and multicultural in nature. The expansion results in the more complex work environment that all organizations have to face because of the increase in the number of subjective knowledge items. The s driver is the leaner organization. As the required work environment, people need to work faster and smarter as knowledge proletarian to adopting an increased pace and workload. Another business driver is the corporate amnesia. This driver explains that people as a workforce is no longer expect to spend entire work life with the same organization which will create problems of knowledge continuity for the organization and places continuous learning demands on the knowledge worker. Finally, technological advances make people more connected. The advances in information technology not only have made connectivity ubiquitous but have radically changed expectations, which workers are expected to be on at all times.Base on the importance of the knowledge management, all organizations need to develop a suitable and effective approach to manage their knowledge. By doing so, they will get many benefits to create competitive advantages. At first, effective knowledge management approach will p rovide many benefits to each psyche employees of the organization. It helps the employees in doing their job and save time through better decision making and problem solving. It builds a sense of community bonds within the organization and helps people to keep up to date. It also provides challenges and opportunities for employees to contribute. The effective approach also brings benefits to organization. It helps drive strategy for organization, solves problems more quickly, and diffuses best practices. Also, it improves knowledge embedded in products and services. It cross-fertilizes sentiments and increases opportunities for innovation. In addition, it enables organizations to run ahead of the competition better, and builds organizational memory.Therefore, in my point of view, knowledge management is essential for all subject of business nowadays. With an effective knowledge management, the organization can facilitate collaboration and help knowledge worker connected. It also helps organization in making decision base on complete, valid and well taken data, information, and knowledge.LEADERSHIP AND THE SKILLS REQUIRED TO EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENT KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PROCESSES IN THE WORKPLACENowadays, most of organizations benefit that the important of managing knowledge effectively. For doing so, they need to be always able to identify, generate, acquire, diffuse and capture the most valuable benefits of knowledge that sets up a strategic advantage to themselves. It also needs to have the ability to pick out the information, which is digitizable, and true knowledge assets, which can only exist with in the context of an intelligent system (Dalkir, 2005). To be able to clearly understand the requirements for effectively implement knowledge management processes in the workplace, we may discuss the knowledge life cycle and strategies in each degrees of the cycle.KNOWLEDGE LIFE CYCLEBase on the re depend of Birmingham and Sheehan (2002), knowledge has a li fe cycle. Their study had showed that new knowledge is born as uncertainness thing, and it form into shape as it is tested, matures through implementation in reality, is diffused to a growing user, and lastly becomes broadly understood and recognize as common practice. The knowledge can process through quartet stages of knowledge life cycle creation, mobilization, diffusion and commoditization.CreationAt this stage, knowledge first appears in persons head as an idea. In fact, no one can fully understand the idea or emerging knowledge, even if person creating it. In doing business, the suitable strategy in this early stage is to test the idea on its commercial viability. To gain this activity, organizations need to create an environment which requires adjustments in the pursuance areasInformal Knowledge System the organizations can lay out their space in an open plan that has many common areas, give their employees time to experiment, and provide resources for develop programs and conferences in order to grow up knowledge effectively.Information Technology Systems technology should be considered to connect people who have interest at highly specialized internet forums rather than to codify and store emerging knowledge. mankind Resources organizations regularly create knowledge should hire people in using new knowledge for critical feedback.External kinship the contact with external customers and suppliers will encourage the experimental of new idea.MobilizationIn this stage, knowledge continues to be improved, and the organization will rip more value from it. To achieve it, organizations need to mobilize knowledge internally and keep it away from outsiders. There are approaches for doing thatInformal Knowledge System the organization can encourage the internal transferences among employees by building an internal network.Information Technology Systems the IT should focus on technology that can enable the informal transfer of knowledge, and the system ne ed to make it possible for adding comments on the subject from users.Human Resources thinkers, doers, mavericks and pragmatists are needed in order to fully transform new ideas into valuable knowledge.External Relationships it is tranquil important to maintain strong relationship with customers and other partners in this stage.DiffusionIn this diffusion stage, the organizations will accept the leakage of knowledge, and no longer try to keep the knowledge under wraps. They will open up out the knowledge by selling it to outsiders. Again, the managers should consider representing approaches in this stageInformal Knowledge Systems knowledge in this stage will be disseminated widely and quickly, which requires a system that focuses on training employees and encourage their use.Information Technology Systems an extensive knowledge database will be useful for the organization during this stage. The competitive advantages will stem from the ease of access to information.Human Resources customer consultants will be needed in this stage, so that they can work with customers and recognize the value of applying the knowledge to customers problems.External Relationship organizations should focus on building strong customers relationship by their services, and using their brand to create the differences with other competitors.CommoditizationThe organizations concentrate on managing knowledge that is already well known. The basic knowledge has been completely diffused. However, there are many opportunities to extract value from current knowledge to generate one in this stage. The approached to extract value as followInformal Knowledge Systems in this stage, the use of formal knowledge systems will be more valuable than the informal one. The systems will help the organization to supply the best practices that can add value to well developed processes, and encourage new ways of commercializing existing knowledge.Information Technology Systems organizations should develop e ffective search engines and retrieval systems because of the significant volume of documents that have gathered overtime.Human Resources it is similar to the requirements of the diffusion stage. However, the demand for the knowledge may decline the demand for the jobs will be reduced. It is better to use the contract employees to solve this problem. final resultBase on my research, knowledge is much different from data and information. It is how people use data to crateful valuable information and from less valuable information to more valuable one. In other words, knowledge in an area can be defined as justified true belief about relationships among concepts relevant to that particular area.Every organization needs to implement effectively its knowledge management processes cod to four important drivers. By doing so, it will bring many benefits to the business as well as the individual employees.The organizations need to understand the knowledge life cycle in order to manage the k nowledge. The cycle comprises four stages, which are creation, mobilization, diffusion, and commoditization, points out the essential skill needs to effectively implement knowledge management process.