Reproductive Health Among Adolescent Girls Health And Social Care Essay

Reproductive Health Among Adolescent Girls Health And societal Care EssayReview of literature is a systemic attend of a published work to gain learning about a re look for topic (Polit and Hungler, 2011). Conducting a review of literature is challenging and an in buildatory hold out.The review of literature was based on extensive tidy sum of books, journals, and multinational nursing indicates. A review of literature relevant to the beat area was chthonian taken which helped the researcher to develop deep into the problem and gain information on what has been in the past.An extensive review of literature was done by the investigator to lay a broad foundation for the report card.For the purpose of coherent sequence the chapter was divided in two parts.2.1 PART I Reviews cerebrate to productive wellness among callow girls.2.2 PART II Reviews related to forte of childish to childish approach on procreative wellness.2.1 PART I Reviews related to reproductive health among adolescent girls.Mc Call-hosenfeld JS et al., (2012) conducted an info-based oeuvre in Pennsylvania they investigated the impact of individual on womens are communicate of a comprehensive panel of hinderance services in a region that includes both urban and rural communities. Outcome variables were a natural covering and vaccination index blood pressure , lipid panel, innerly familial infections or individual level variables includes predisposing factors, enabling and demand based measures. The investigator found that overall use of preventive services, were low individual discrepancy in womens receipt of counselor services is largely explained by mental factors and seeing an gynecologist..Fengy et al., (2012) conducted a cross sectional survey of 17,016 adolescent girls and immatured aged 15-24 yrs old in both rural and urban Asian cites, China, through and through interview and computer assisted self-importance interview for metier questions. To identify the pre dictors percept of homo elicituality. The 40% of adolescent and young adults who hold a positive view of homo informal practice for both males and females. Preferred origin of movies, videos, self identified conjureual orientation, sexual and reproductive health familiarity, family values, gender business office and view towards premarital sex. The most joint and important predictors for a respondents comprehension of homosexuality were his/her knowledge of sexual and reproductive health.Shelia G et al., (2012) conducted a experimental study regarding features of physical and sexual development of reproductive behavior among adolescent girls at Russia. In this esteemment the adolescent reproductive behavior assignment and the factors affecting was made in female adolescents age 14-19yr randomly formed via endless(prenominal)(prenominal) selection information of the state of their health their spatial relations towards child bearing and their encountery habits hire been evaluated. High frequency of menstrual irregularities, 24.7% delayed formation of the bone pelvis, 25.2% the prevalence of chronic external venereal diseases were found.Iliyasuz et al., (2012) conducted a qualitative study regarding sexual and reproductive health chat between stimulates and their adolescent daughters in northbound India Assam. The investigator employed structured interviews and groups to investigate reproductive health colloquy practices among 108 mothers and daughters transcript were analyzed using the grounded theory approach .A tot up of 136 mother reported discussing reproductive issues with their daughters. The majority of daughters acquire reproductive health pedagogics from their mothers parents were much than likely to discuss marriage, menstruation, premarital sex, STI infections and sex cultivation contain to be indueed with knowledge and skills to change the scope and quality of sign -based reproductive health education.Palke VD et al., ( 2011) conducted a study regarding impact of sex education on knowledge and attitude of adolescent trail children in Bihar. Reproductive capability is now in preliminary age, but the subject of adolescent sexuality in most societies, there is a entire spread ignorance about risks are un harbored sex problems among adolescent girls. alas need of sex education is not perceived and fulfilled in India especially in rural areas. The present study was conducted to tax the need and demonstrate the impact of sex education among adolescent school children, by analyzing pre and come out intervention questionnaire and there was a substantive increase in knowledge about sexuality , menstrual hygiene. Sexually transmitted disease, it has significant impact on knowledge of adolescent school children.Ezekwere et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding sex education, sex information, sex practices, among adolescent girls in Nigeria. A native 304 girls selected by multi-stage sampling techniq ue studied primary and subsequent sources of sexuality information, mainly the by the media, partners, families and schools, found that mostly they were not involved in provision of early sexual initiation and un protected sex was greenness among them. The study highlights the need to create a awareness at earlier stage of adolescent period sexual education of adolescent girls through parents and teachers had to be initiated.Wong LP et al., (2011) conducted a large cross sectional study regarding attitude towards dysmenorrheal impact and treatment rendering, among 1,295 adolescent girls (13-19 yrs) from 16 public secondary schools in rural districts of Malaysia. Dysmenorrhea was reported in 76.0% of the participants multivariate analysis shows that being in upper secondary levels was the strongest predictor for poor concentration, absenteeism and poor school outrank due to dysmenorrheal is a normal cycle and only 14.8% sought medical checkup treatment , education should be ext ended to parents and school peer leaders to address the reproductive health needs of adolescents.Lazarus JV et al., (2011) conducted a quasi(prenominal) experimental study regarding reproductive health awareness programme to assess the knowledge, attitude and behavior. Reproductive health data was collected from the students aged (11 16 yrs) by using a picture and group discussion. In total 313 questionnaire has distributed, and the mean score in the pre scrutiny knowledge was 5.9 and 6.8 in post essay score was p (0.003), which increased importantly t=4.5, p=0.000. The attitude mean score in pre test was 4.3 in post test was 6.8 which shows the increased significant. The mean behavior pretest score which showed a significant p =0.019. Hence the intervention significantly improved the adolescent reproductive health knowledge attitude.BiscoFreudenthal J et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding creating community awareness of reproductive package infections including STD infecti ons. The aim of this study was thus to explore people perception treatment seeking behavior and understanding of information about RTI/STD. qualitative contact analysis was employed for the data analysis. The major findings was that the most common treatment seeking behavior was taking self medication. Shyness of genital examination, negative attitudes towards dirty diseases. The main media sources of RTI/STI information were piano tuner, TV and other assenting to health information was more difficult. Health education messages should be more findible in rural areas.Van Rossem et al., (2011) conducted the survey to evaluate the legislate and impact of social marketing and reproductive health communication campaigns (selected radio and television programs) regarding family planning and human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS in Zambia. The results evidenced that the reproductive health and social marketing Campaigns in Zambia reached a large percent of the population and had a signifi cant impact. The results suggested that future reproductive health communication campaigns that invest in radio programming may be more effective than those investing in television programming and future campaigns should seek to increase their impact among women.Portillo et al., (2011) conducted a cross sectional study regarding sexual and reproductive health among adolescent girls at High school in Spanish. The study focused to determine the extent of information about preventing sexually transmitted diseases, knowledge and use of contraceptive methods. It includes 641 students who agreed to complete the questionnaire by school. 84.5% students know at least one contraceptive method 84%, It is necessary to establish or strengthen information programme on sexual health for adolescent.Fehr KR et al., (2011) conducted a study to assess the knowledge and use of Folic acidulated in women of reproductive age Folic acid shrivels the risk of neural tube defects 50%, women of reproductive age group should be aware of the importance of the folic acid and neural tube defects. They used ground such as Folic acid knowledge and Folic acid awareness to search articles published, women were although knowledge levels were associated with education and health allot professionals magazines and virgins papers, radio, TV, as common sources of information, and this knowledge will allow them to make informed decisions about Folic acid among women.Mc Call JS et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding preventive counseling among reproductive aged women. Preventive health intervention often occur less frequently among rural women compared to urban is an important feature of comprehensive preventive health care provisions .Data were collected by telephone survey during 2004-2005 participants aged 18-45 yrs in the central Pennsylvanias. The study assessed the independent contribution of counseling for smoking ,alcohol, drug use, birth control ,nutrition, physical activity. Most wome n do not receive recommended preventive counseling, while rural women are less likely than urban women to receive counseling educating rural health care providers about the need for preventive counseling.Jousha et al., (2011) narrated on condom negotiation and experience among sexually active young women in New south wales, Austraila by using feminist narrative approach. Ten womens stories were collected via online interviews. The findings revealed that none of the women initiated or negotiated use of the male condom promotion relies on the r4coginition of the gender factors that deflect young womens condom negotiation and use. Strategies that overcome gender dynamics and empower women to negotiate condom use have the ability to promote condom use among this group.Lawan et al., (2010) conducted a study regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in Gujarat .This study leavend the knowledge and practices of adolescent school in virtually menstruation and me nstrual hygiene .Data was collected quantitatively and analyzed using pre experimental study, the study findings showed that majority had fair knowledge of menstruation, although deficient in specific knowledge areas, most of them used sanitary pads as thirsty during their last menses, changed menstrual dressings about 1-5 times per day and improving access of the adolescent to reproductive health needs.Sivagami, et al., (2010) conducted a qualitative study on community perception and treatment seeking behaviour regarding reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted infections in Lao by using cardinal focus group discussion and 20 in depth interviews. It held among 76 women and 56 men. The major finding was that both male and female participants had a variety of misconceptions about the causes and symptoms of RTI/STIs and their cure and a reluctance to seek health care. The main reasons for not going to health facilities were fear of social contrast or shyness. Th ey suggested strengthening health education and promotion through interventions at the community level to improve the quality of RTI/STI management.Minto et al., (2010) reviewed the efficacy of HIV/STI behavioural intervention and identified factors associated with intervention efficacy for American African females in the United states by using meta- analysis from 37 relevant studies. The results showed that behavioral intervention had a significant impact on reduction in HIV/STI risk sex behavioral. They think as behavioral interventions were sound in preventing HIV and STIs among African American females. They suggested that conducting more research to examine the potential contribution of prevention strategies that attend to community level and to improve communication between RTI/STI patients and clinicians.Thakor HG et al., (2010) conducted a STIs prevalence study on knowledge and practices related to STIs and HIV among 125 sex role players in an urban area of Gujarat, Indi a. 85-90% were aware about various symptoms / diseases transmitted by vulnerable sexual practice in male and female. 23.4% took treatment from health worker for such problems 87.9% were aware that consistent use of condom could protect them from HIV infections and 2.6% reported for non treatment of STD.58% were not aware about behavoural changes needed to reduce the risk.2.2 PART II Review related to potentiality of adolescent to adolescent approach on reproductive health.Denison JA et al.,(2012) conducted a quasi experimental study on peer education make a difference an military rank of HIV prevention in youth-led model trained volunteer peer educators age (18-25 yrs) in school, to teach HIV prevention and Reproductive health. This valuation programme effects on students HIV knowledge, attitude and behaviors of adolescent girls by using a non randomized quasi experimental design among 2133 students had significantly higher levels of knowledge regarding HIV p0kanlawon FA et al., (2011) conducted a study to assess the effectiveness of peer education in a secondary school regarding reproductive health among adolescent girls in Karnataka. The study employed pre and post test intervention quasi experimental design, The experimental group was the adolescence girls to feed peer education programme for 6 months pre and post test data in the experimental and control groups were compared and analyzed. The knowledge of reproductive health issues was pDrummond P et al., (2011) conducted a study by using peer education to increase the sexual health knowledge among West African refugees in Western Australia. Ten bilingual west African peer educators conducted a 3 hours workshop on sexual health for small groups of western African refugees (n = 58) who recently settled in Perth , western Australia .There were significant increases in the participants knowledge on sexually transmitted infections and HIV , their spread and the measures to protect against infection. They Concluded that the peer education approach was successful in assisting new and emerging community to work effectively on sexual health topics generally considered as taboos or too sensitive to discuss.Stephenson. J et al., (2010) assessed the effectiveness of school-based peer-led sex education among 9,000 pupils aged 13-14 years at England. Schools were randomized to both peer-led sex education (intervention) or to continue their usual teacher-led sex education (control). Peer educators, aged 16-17 years, were trained to deliver three 1-hour classroom sessions of sex education to 13- to 14 years old pupils from the same schools. The study findings concluded that compared with conventional school sex education at age 13-14 years, this form of peer-led sex education was very effective associated with change in teenage STDs, it merits consideration within broader teenage STDs prevention strategies.